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4 Research 66 5 X X5 Y 8 12 16 20 Energy (eV) Y 4 5 4 4 33 3 2 1 00 2 0 4 8 12 16 2 0 Energy (eV) 4 0.30 0.25 X 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 0.00 0 X 0 2 2 1 1 0 00 0 ( ) ) ( a a 0.0 0 4 8 12 16 20 0 4 8 12 16 20 Energy (eV) Energy (eV) Figure 3: (a) Absorption coefficient of borophene and (b) reflectivity alongside the different two directions. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [35]. Copyright 2016 Royal Society of Chemistry. polarization Y and the peak ε2ðωÞ is stronger than other peaks at 8.14 eV. Due to the anisotropic crystal structure of borophene, there is a huge in-plane anisotropy discovered in the optical properties [13]. Borophene is a material showing promising potential in photovoltaic, flexible electronics, and display technologies, on account of the high electrical conductivity and optical transparency along the a direction, and all kinds of novel anisotropy [35, 42, 43]. Tai et al. have measured the optical bandgap of boron, which was 2.25eV. It is approaching the value affirmed by first-principles calculations, which was 2.07eV. They observed through strong photoluminescence and found that the borophene is a charming direct bandgap semiconductor [44]. Their ability to emit and absorb light of semiconductors is directly influenced by the electronic band structures. Wang et al. found that, the direct bandgap semiconductors, photons with energy surpass the bandgap energy which could be eas- ily emitted or absorbed. For indirect bandgaps, there must be an additional phonon emitted or absorbed to make up for the energy imbalance, making the efficiency of photon emission or absorption process decreased [5]. Figure 3 reveals the absorption coefficient and reflec- tivity. In the two plane directions, the main absorptions are in the different positions. Along a direction, the major absorption peaks are situated at about 10.36 and 3.65eV. Along b direction, the absorption regions can be up to 10.31, 8.29, and 1.09eV. Moreover, the reflectivity of bor- ophene along the two directions is lesser than 30% and higher than 40%, respectively, in the visible region. Along the uncorrugated a direction, the transmittance of boro- phene is high, and the electrical conductivity is very high. However, in the visible area, the optical conductivity of borophene is very small. Such properties offer chances for applications in flexible electronics, photovoltaic, and display technologies [35]. Adamska et al. find that borophene is an anisotropic metal, with a faint absorbance in the visible area, thickness- dependent optical transparency, and strong energy [45]. Tatullo et al. demonstrate that in the visible range, borophene is a weak absorber, which holds high optical transparency, resulting in excellent transparency [46]. Moreover, Lherbier et al. show a strong photosensitivity of borophene as regards any surface modifications [47]. (b) 0 8 8 0 7 7 0 . . . . . 6 6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 . Reflectivity Absorption (⨯105 cm–1) Reflflectivity Absorption (⨯105 cm–1)PDF Image | Two-Dimensional Borophene
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