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Figure 3-4. Effect of Part Load Operation on Electrical Efficiency Source: Solar Turbines, Mars 10051 3.4.4 Effects of Ambient Conditions on Performance 3.4.4.1 Ambient Air Temperature The ambient conditions under which a gas turbine operates have a noticeable effect on both the power output and efficiency. At elevated inlet air temperatures, both the power and efficiency decrease. The power decreases due to the decreased air flow mass rate (the density of air declines as temperature increases), and the efficiency decreases because the compressor requires more power to compress air of higher temperature. Conversely, the power and efficiency increase when the inlet air temperature is reduced. Figure 3-5 shows the variation in power and efficiency for the nominal 7.5 MW Solar Taurus 70 gas turbine as a function of ambient temperature. ISO rating conditions for gas turbines are at sea level and 59 °F. Compared to this rating point, power output drops to 80 percent at 100 °F and increases to 107 percent at 40 °F. The corresponding efficiency effects are down 8 percent and up 2 percent for 100 and 40 °F respectively. The effects of ambient temperature on output and efficiency need to be considered in the design and evaluation of a gas turbine CHP system because in many parts of the country, electric prices are highest in the summer when performance of the system is at its lowest. 51 “Mars 100 Gas Turbine Generator Set”, Solar Turbines A Caterpillar Company. https://mysolar.cat.com/cda/files/126902/7/ds100pg.pdf Catalog of CHP Technologies 3–10 Combustion TubinesPDF Image | EPA CHP Technologies Combustion Turbines
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