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1456 Y. TIAN et al. Fig. 12 Variations of surface temperatures. Fig. 13 Evolution history of surface temperature. (8) The specific heat flux released by plasma discharge to the surroundings (qd). (9) In the anti-icing process, the surface is covered by a very thin film of water, and hence qr can be neglected. There- fore, the thermal equilibrium equation of the surface can be written as qd 1⁄4qa þqe þqw qv qwv ð1Þ This indicates that the mechanism of the DBD plasma anti- icing process is to maintain the thermal equilibrium of the wet surface by DBD plasma actuation. As is shown in Figs. 6 and 9, the brightness distribution of the discharge glow reached a relatively steady state, that is, some areas were covered by slight discharge glow while other areas were dark, and the brightness distribution hardly varied with time. It is certain that the place where the glow occurred is the place where strong gas discharge happened and the temper- ature was relatively high. As is mentioned above, DBD plasma inside a gas has significant thermal effects, which is part of the sources of heat flux for anti-icing. However, comparing the photos in Fig. 6 with the infrared pictures in Fig. 8 indicates that the dark areas have comparable temperature values to those in the bright areas. To see this more clearly, Fig. 14 pre- sents the surface temperature distributions along lines GN and HQ after the temperatures reached a steady state. The temper- ature distributions exhibit certain features of oscillation along the two lines, which indicated that the closer the position to the discharge edges, the higher the temperature, and that the peak temperature values occurred on the edges of each electrode, and the temperature value at the mid-point of the cross section of each electrode was the lowest. The lowest temperature points form a mid-line along each electrode. The temperature oscillations along lines GN and HQ have the same regularity except the difference in values. In contrast, the photos of the model surface in Fig. 6 corresponding to the temperature dis- tribution in Fig. 14 show that the distribution of bright and dark areas is irregular in the spanwise direction. This reveals that some dark areas also had high temperatures and mightPDF Image | Experimental study of an anti-icing method over an airfoil based on pulsed dielectric barrier discharge plasma
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