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1458 Y. TIAN et al. where Tp and f are the time period and frequency of the dis- charge, respectively, and V is the voltage on the actuator. In this experiment, V in fact is VA, the voltage over the actuator. Since the icing wind tunnel used in this experiment is made of steel, when electric wires passed through the holes on the wall, a stray capacitance formed in a parallel connection to the discharge circuit. This caused the measured value of volt- age over the sampling capacitor (CM) to be amplified to some times. A proper correction method was adopted to estimate the true power consumed in DBD plasma anti-icing. Assume that the stray capacitance caused by the induction between the high-voltage electric wires and the wind tunnel wall is CT, and that VMi and VMr represent the voltages over the sampling capacitor in an ideal circuit (without a stray capacitance) and a real circuit (with a stray capacitance), respectively, in other words, VMi is the corrected voltage value of VMr, and will be used to replace VM in Eqs. (3) and (4). They can be calculated by the capacitive voltage divider principle as follows: VMi 1⁄4 U CA ð5Þ CA þ CM VMr 1⁄4 U CA þ CT ð6Þ ðCA þCTÞþCM V 1þCM Mi 1⁄4 CAþCT ð7Þ VMr 1þCM CA where CA is the capacitance of the actuator. Ignoring the influ- ence of the water film on CA, its value can be measured by a universal meter. The value of CM is a known value. The only unknown is CT which is associated with the ratio VMr=VA and can be estimated by measured values. The electric circuit of DBD plasma anti-icing wind tunnel experiments is shown in Fig. 18. The electric power used was a sinusoidal alternating current with a voltage of 220 V, and the total power consumed in the electric circuit was measured by a digital electric power meter installed in the input end of the circuit. A sampling capacitor of 0.1 lF was inserted in the circuit. An oscilloscope was used to acquire VMr and VA for the Lissajous figures in power consumption calculation. 5.2. Estimation of stray capacitor and power consumption Figs. 19 and 20 present the variations of VMr, VA, and the ratio VMr=VA in the anti-icing process in striped and meshy electrode cases, respectively. It can be seen that the ratio of VMr to VA is nearly constant except some discrete instants. Let VMr=VA 1⁄4k ð8Þ and then according to the capacitive voltage divider principle Fig. 19 Variations of VMr, VA, and VMr/VA with time in striped electrode case. Fig. 20 Variations of VMr, VA, and VMr/VA with time in meshy electrode case. Fig. 18 Electric circuit model of DBD anti-icing experiments.PDF Image | Experimental study of an anti-icing method over an airfoil based on pulsed dielectric barrier discharge plasma
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