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304 Chapter 6 Fig. 6-48. Comparison of the calculated cathode lifetime versus the discharge current for the 0.8-cm outside diameter LaB6 cathode and the NSTAR dispenser cathode. mechanisms, such as poisoning degrading the work function or impurity build- up plugging the pores, actually cause the cathode life limit. Likewise, recycling of the barium will extend the dispenser cathode life, so uncertainties in the dispenser cathode life estimates by this model have the same uncertainties due to impurities and redeposition that are found for the LaB6 life model (although LaB6 is less likely to be affected by impurities). Therefore, a direct comparison of calculated life versus discharge current will be made with the understanding that the curves will likely shift together vertically due to impurity or redeposition issues. The LaB6 cathode life is projected to exceed the dispenser cathode life by nearly an order of magnitude at the nominal NSTAR full-power currents of less than 15 A. If the NSTAR cathode is capable of producing higher discharge currents than 15 A, the LaB6 cathode life is still projected to exceed the NSTAR life over the full current range demonstrated by the LaB6 cathode. As shown in Fig. 6-47, the larger LaB6 cathodes will have even longer lifetimes, and their life significantly exceeds that projected for the NEXIS 1.5-cm-diameter dispenser cathode [47] that is designed to operate up to about 35 A. 6.8.5 Cathode Poisoning Comprehensive investigations of the poisoning of dispenser cathodes [17] and LaB6 cathodes [55] have been published in the literature. The most potent poisons for both cathodes are oxygen and water, with other gases such as CO2 and air producing poisoning effects at higher partial pressures. Figure 6-49 shows the reduction percentage of the electron emission current density inPDF Image | Fundamentals of Electric Propulsion: Ion and Hall Thrusters
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