PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 324
Hollow Cathodes 313 There are basically three types of oscillations that occur in hollow cathode discharges [46,70]. First, there are plasma discharge oscillations in the frequency range of 50 to over 1000kHz. These are usually incoherent oscillations in the ion acoustic frequency range with amplitudes that vary continuously from fractions of a volt on the electrodes in the spot mode to tens of volts on the electrodes into the plume mode. If sufficiently large, these ion acoustic oscillations can trigger regulation problems in the power supply, leading to large discharge voltage oscillations on power-supply-regulation times of 100 to 1000 Hz. This behavior is shown in Fig. 6-55. As the discharge current increases, the ionization percentage in the cathode plume becomes significant and can lead to ionization instabilities or so-called predator–prey oscillations. In this case, the plasma discharge burns out a significant fraction of the neutral gas, and the discharge collapses on the time frame of neutral flow into the plume region. The frequency range of these instabilities is in the 50- to 250-kHz range for xenon, depending on the physical scale lengths and size of the discharge components. Ionization instabilities are easily observed in the plasma density, which is shown by the probe’s ion saturation current oscillations in Fig. 6-56 and compared to the normally observed oscillations from the incoherent ion acoustic-type modes. Ionization instabilities usually can be inhibited by proper selection of the gas flow and/or magnitude of any applied axial magnetic field in the cathode plume region [46], which modifies the local ion generation rate. Fig. 6-55. Discharge voltage oscillations showing plasma and power supply oscillations.PDF Image | Fundamentals of Electric Propulsion: Ion and Hall Thrusters
PDF Search Title:
Fundamentals of Electric Propulsion: Ion and Hall ThrustersOriginal File Name Searched:
Goebel__cmprsd_opt.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |