PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 347
Hall Thrusters 337 power thrust R2 Id R2 m R2 w = R(1 constant) Ae = (R2 r2), (7.2-20) where R is the outside radius of the channel. These scaling rules indicate that the optimum current density is essentially constant as the thruster size changes. The current density in Hall thrusters is typically in the range of 0.1 to 0.15 A/cm2. Thus, at a given discharge voltage, the power density in a Hall thruster is also constant. Higher power densities are achieved by increasing the voltage, which has implications for the life of the thruster. 7.2.3 Potential and Current Distributions The electrical schematic for a Hall thruster is shown in Fig. 7-7. The power supplies are normally all connected to the same reference, called the cathode common. The hollow cathode requires the same power supplies as an ion thruster, namely, a heater supply to raise the emitter to thermionic emission temperatures and a keeper supply for ignition and to ensure stable cathode operation at very low currents. The discharge supply is connected between the cathode common (typically also connected to the thruster body or magnetic circuit) and the anode located in the bottom of the channel. As in ion thrusters, the cathode heater is turned off once the discharge supply is turned on, and the cathode runs in a self-heating mode. The keeper is also normally used only during start-up and is turned off once the thruster is ignited. Also shown are the inner and outer magnetic field coils and their associated power supplies. Hall thrusters have been built with the cathode positioned on-axis (not shown), but this does not change the electrical schematic. The potential distribution in a Hall thruster [26] is also illustrated in Fig. 7-7. In the upstream region of the channel where the transverse magnetic field is low, the plasma is weakly magnetized and the electron mobility is high. The plasma potential is then close to the anode potential. The plasma potential decreases toward the cathode potential near the thruster exit plane as the magnetic field increases (shown in Fig. 7-6) and limits the electron mobility. The difference between the cathode potential and the beam potential is the coupling voltage Vc , which is the voltage required to extract current from the hollow cathode. The beam voltage is then Vb =Vd Vc. (7.2-21)PDF Image | Fundamentals of Electric Propulsion: Ion and Hall Thrusters
PDF Search Title:
Fundamentals of Electric Propulsion: Ion and Hall ThrustersOriginal File Name Searched:
Goebel__cmprsd_opt.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)