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338 Chapter 7 Heater Supply Keeper Supply Thruster Center Line Xe+ Outer Coils Inner Coils Cathode Anode Magnet Supplies Vd e− e− + Fig. 7-7. Hall thruster electrical schematic and potential distribution. Xe Discharge Supply Cathode Vb Vc It is common in laboratory experiments to sometimes ignore the difference in potential between the beam and ground as small (typically 10 to 20 V) and to write the beam voltage as Vb Vd Vcg, (7.2-22) where Vcg is the cathode-to-ground voltage. The on-axis potential, shown schematically by the dashed line in Fig. 7-7, decreases from the ionization and acceleration regions to the thrust-beam plasma potential. Ions are generated all along this potential gradient, which causes a spread in the ion energy in the beam. Since the majority of the ions are generated upstream of the exit plane (in the “ionization region”), the average velocity of the ion beam can then be expressed as vb = 2eVb , (7.2-23) M PotentialPDF Image | Fundamentals of Electric Propulsion: Ion and Hall Thrusters
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