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Module Development Konstantinos G. Kyprianidis 3.1 Engine performance This section provides a brief review of existing gas turbine performance codes, and discusses various aspects of the development of a performance code tailored to meet the needs of the TERA2020 tool. 3.1.1 Gas turbine performance codes - a brief review In the past four decades many gas turbine performance simulation programs have been developed. During this period, these programs have evolved from simple engine specific performance codes to complex object-oriented generalized performance tools capable of simulating arbitrary engine configurations. The first static generalised code known to the author, GENENG/GENENG II, was developed at the NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) Lewis Research Center in the United States by Koening and Fishbach [67,68] and was tested on several engine cycles. The code could simulate the design point and off-design performance of turbofan engines with two or three streams and up to three spools, and turbojet engines with one or two spools. Novel features in the program for obtaining sub-derivatives of these configurations essentially provided the user with the capability of simulating variable cycle engines. At Cranfield University in Britain, another static generalized simulation program, TURBOMATCH, was developed by MacMillan [69]. Based on the TURBO- MATCH scheme, Palmer and Cheng-Zong [70] developed the generalized simula- tion code TURBOTRANS. Owing to its modular structure the code was capable of simulating the dynamic behavior of arbitrary gas turbine engines with arbi- trary control systems. The term arbitrary refers to radically new, non-standard, engine configurations, and can be used for example in the case of a gas tur- bine engine with four different control systems; including the main fuel flow, the afterburner fuel flow, the bypass ratio and the nozzle control systems. In The Netherlands, NLR’s (Nationaal Lucht- en Ruimtevaartlaboratorium) need for a generalized simulation program with a graphical user interface resulted in the development of GSP (Gas turbine Simulation Program) [26,27,71]. The soft- ware uses a friendly object-oriented environment that makes it quite flexible in terms of adapting to the specific needs that arise with new projects. It was orig- 32PDF Image | Multi-disciplinary conceptual design of future jet engine systems
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