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Power Electronics and Wind Power GERTMAR Lars A modern wind turbine generator in the MW range is a power plant. No WTG manufacturer will ever doubt. But for a utility, it may sound ridiculous: To be accepted by a utility as a power plant, a wind farm with must act as a utility anticipates from a power plant (station). And today, wind power cannot. But of course, wind power cannot be like any other power plant, wind power have certain characteristics differing from characteristics of other types of power plants. Like all other types of power plants differ. There are potential innovations where wind power plants can be improved to come closer to the expectations of utilities, but there are also functions in wind power, which are superior to existing types of power plants. Most stakeholders in wind participate in various works for standards and recommendations for best practice based on consensus as well as by sharing information at conferences, organized by EWEA, AWEA, and others. This part of the paper deals with the design of a wind farm with respect to optimization. It is claimed that the communication problems between the parties can be minimized if the wind farm is seen from the grid as a power plant, having characteristics that are complementary to other types of power plants. Fig. 4: Principal layout of offshore wind turbines, their collection and transmission (C&T) systems for interconnection to mains, i.e., for fungible power to the AC network and trading Fig. 4 shows to the left symbols for the wind turbine generator systems, WTGS. The manufacturers of WTGSs combine products rated kilowatt to megawatt, mainly low-voltage technologies on components level and purchase these components from sub-suppliers. Manufacturers of electrical equipment supports wind power activities with power electronic converters, electrical machines (wind power generators, auxiliary motor drives), LV controls (switchgear, contactors, circuit-breakers, disconnectors, ...), turbine step-up transformers, and the like. Standards and recommendations are published after comprehensive review procedures. International Electrotechnical Commission, IEC, TC-88 subcommittee covers international/European wind power standards. American Wind Energy Association, AWEA, is designated by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) as the lead organization for the development and publication of industry consensus standards for wind energy equipment and services in the United States. AWEA participates through its representation in the IEC TC-88 Subcommittee. AWEA cooperates also with gearbox manufacturers for so-called AGMA/ANSI Standards within intra-structures. AGMA, ANSI, IEEE are natural bodies to represent different parties, from at least two sides: The Wind Side and the Utility Side. IEEE Standards Coordinating Committee SCC21/P1547 focuses as one body generally on electrical infra-structures under the IEEE headline “Interconnecting Distributed Resources (DR) with Electric Power Systems”. Wind Power exemplifies Dispersed Generation, DG8. Fuel Cells, Photovoltaics, and Energy Storage are other examples of DR/DG. In some rural areas co-generating units (“CHP”, heat and electricity from fossil fuels) are so small that these plants also must be regarded as DG8. Wind power is thus comprised within several more or less synonymous adjective descriptors in front of “generation” or “power generation”: Distributed (General term) Decentralized (Utility term) (also decentralised) Dispersed (IEEE) Embedded (IEE) 8 All four listed descriptors must be combined in order to carry out proper literature search on “DG” and the like. EPE 2003 - Toulouse ISBN : 90-75815-07-7 P.8PDF Image | Power Electronics and Wind Power
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