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Power Electronics and Wind Power GERTMAR Lars Fig. 11: An electrical “ glimpse” of roles and areas in wind power business A primary—obvious—aspect of the roles and areas for the electrical and automation engineering actors in wind power business is to compete by offering the electrical components for a wind turbine generator system, WTGS, shown to the left in Fig. 11. The WTGS is the start to convert kinetic wind energy into fungible electrical power, whereby: 1. There is a fluctuating torque in a huge shaft driven at low-speed by the wind turbine’s blade assembly and a hub, whereby the rotating machine, electro-mechanical, generating drive-train subsystem is the essential. — but one must consider the drive-train’s interaction with the characteristics of a) interconnection12, b) point of connection and c) power balancing and priming. Point “c)” to handle the wind’s stochastic character, [25]. 2. A growing issue is to establish a number of variants of collection and transmission ac and/or dc systems, to the right of the centre in Fig. 11, whereby fault handling, efficiency, availabil- ity and reliability are essential. 3. Wind power control is really fast and should be utilized by the utilities as power system stabilizers. Balancing should be performed via transmission capacity, Fig. 10, and preferably with hydro power plants—via dam storage facilities—for most cost-efficient control but also with fossil fuel plants. 4. A fourth issue is to establish priming into fungible electrical power, i.e., to make the wind energy fully available for power trading. It is an integration issue of distributed generation (DG) systems dealt with in the next chapter, Fig. 15 & 16. Items 3 – 4 were also shown middle right in Fig. 11 but are more obviously depicted in Fig. 10, 15 & 16. Balancing, priming, stability, etc are easily forgotten—technically & commercially—in the renewables debate. All four items, 1. – 4. above, are needed in order to make wind power cost- effective for large-scale power generation. This means that the farm-utility boundary, earlier put at the point-of-connection PoC, is not distinct. SVC could be localized on both sides of PoC and be beneficial12 on both sides of PoC what regards turbines and grid. 12 Interconnection length, voltage and type, overhead line or underground cable or both; with/without SVC: • The available length and damping characteristics of an HVAC interconnection is related to the capacitive charging current for the line/cable at the conditions, when the charging current have maximum value, so, if it is possible to connect a dynamic reactive source/sink, i.e. an SVC, near mid point of the line/cable, the available length will increase. • Recall also an SVC’s damping capabilities inside the wind turbines, Fig. 7 and 8. EPE 2003 - Toulouse ISBN : 90-75815-07-7 P.16PDF Image | Power Electronics and Wind Power
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