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Triboelectric materials have been tested for functionality in various configurations, the fundamental difference being the mode of separation of two dissimilar materials [1]. Typically, one is an insulator near one extreme of the triboelectric series, and the other material is a conductor. Periodic vertical displacement has produced a peak AC current density of 16 mA/m2, which relies on the pressing and lifting of an external force to generate electricity [3, 4]. Alternative designs make use of single-electrode, freestanding triboelectric-layer, and contact- sliding modes of TENG [3]. All of these designs lead to an alternating current (AC) output, as the triboelectric materials are repeatedly contacted and separated. Although this can be measured and used to sporadically illuminate arrays of lights, the practical use of these technologies for energy storage is limited by their dependence on including a voltage rectifier to produce a direct current (DC) output, which leads to considerable energy waste [1]. Direct-Current Triboelectric Nanogenerators Further refinements within contact-sliding modes of triboelectronics by Zhang et al. have led to rotating configurations which allow the TENG to produce a DC current, leading to the designation DC TENG [1]. Multiple layers of aluminum and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) are cut into specific, radially symmetric patterns containing either one or multiple segments. When arranged in the configuration shown in Figure 1, and spun by an external power source, they can produce power because, when in contact, the PVC attracts electrons from the aluminum. The arrangement of the carbon fiber brushes and layers of materials enables a DC output, as the aluminum electrode rotates relative to the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) insulator. This cycle can be summarized as shown in Figure 2. Forti, 2PDF Image | Triboelectric Turbines: Multi-Rotor Counter-Rotating Wind Turbine Utilizing Direct-Current Triboelectric Nanogenerators
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