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Although zeolites have found many sustainable applications, their large-scale pro- duction is not a very energy-efficient process. Today, most industrially produced zeolites come from hydrothermal synthesis, which requires high pressure and reac- tion times of days. The usage of inorganic and organic templates requires additional procedures to remove them, which leads to additional production costs and secondary pollution. Methods of producing zeolites greenly and efficiently, such as organic-template-free synthesis, ionothermal synthesis, solvent-free synthesis, and microwave synthesis, etc., have attracted much attention recently.97 In partic- ular, the production of zeolites from fly ash, a main by-product generated from coal combustion, has been commercialized in several countries.98 On the other hand, the discovery that zeolite synthesis can be accelerated by chemically or physically generated free radicals has shed light on green and efficient production of zeolites.99 With all the experimental and theoretical advances, a growing number of zeolites with superior properties will be developed and applied in the fields of sustainable chemistry. AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS Conceptualization, J.Y.; Writing – Original Draft, Y.L.; Writing – Review & Editing, Y.L. and J.Y.; Visualization, L.L. and Y.L.; Supervision, J.Y.; Funding Acquisition, J.Y. and Y.L. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (nos. 21622102, 21621001, and 21320102001), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (no. 2016YFB0701100), and the 111 Project (B17020). REFERENCES AND NOTES 1. Wikipedia. Sustainable development. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_ development. 2. Li, Y., and Yu, J. (2014). New stories of zeolite structures: their descriptions, determinations, predictions, and evaluations. Chem. Rev. 114, 7268–7316. 3. Baerlocher, C., and McCusker, L.B. Database of Zeolite Structures. http://www.iza-structure. org/databases/. 4. Davis, M.E. (2002). Ordered porous materials for emerging applications. Nature 417, 813–821. 5. Mintova, S., Jaber, M., and Valtchev, V. (2015). Nanosized microporous crystals: emerging applications. Chem. Soc. Rev. 44, 7207–7233. 6. Vogt, E.T.C., and Weckhuysen, B.M. (2015). Fluid catalytic cracking: recent developments on the grand old lady of zeolite catalysis. Chem. Soc. Rev. 44, 7342–7370. 7. Dapsens, P.Y., Mondelli, C., and Pe ́ rez- Ramı ́rez, J. (2015). Design of Lewis-acid centres in zeolitic matrices for the conversion of renewables. Chem. Soc. Rev. 44, 7025–7043. 8. Ennaert, T., Van Aelst, J., Dijkmans, J., De Clercq, R., Schutyser, W., Dusselier, M., Verboekend, D., and Sels, B.F. (2016). Potential and challenges of zeolite chemistry in the catalytic conversion of biomass. Chem. Soc. Rev. 45, 584–611. 9. Vispute, T.P., Zhang, H., Sanna, A., Xiao, R., and Huber, G.W. (2010). Renewable chemical commodity feedstocks from integrated catalytic processing of pyrolysis oils. Science 330, 1222–1227. 10. Dusselier, M., Van Wouwe, P., Dewaele, A., Jacobs, P.A., and Sels, B.F. (2015). Shape- selective zeolite catalysis for bioplastics production. Science 349, 78–80. 11. Teixeira, I.F., Lo, B.T.W., Kostetskyy, P., Stamatakis, M., Ye, L., Tang, C.C., Mpourmpakis, G., and Tsang, S.C.E. (2016). From biomass-derived furans to aromatics with ethanol over zeolite. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 55, 13061–13066. 12. Gumidyala, A., Wang, B., and Crossley, S. (2016). Direct carbon-carbon coupling of furanics with acetic acid over Bronsted zeolites. Sci. Adv. 2, e1601072. 13. Holm, M.S., Saravanamurugan, S., and Taarning, E. (2010). Conversion of sugars to lactic acid derivatives using heterogeneous zeotype catalysts. Science 328, 602–605. 14. Pacheco, J.J., and Davis, M.E. (2014). Synthesis of terephthalic acid via Diels-Alder reactions with ethylene and oxidized variants of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 111, 8363–8367. 15. De Clercq, R., Dusselier, M., Christiaens, C., Dijkmans, J., Iacobescu, R.I., Pontikes, Y., and Sels, B.F. (2015). Confinement effects in Lewis acid-catalyzed sugar conversion: steering toward functional polyester building blocks. ACS Catal. 5, 5803–5811. 16. Wang, Y., Lewis, J.D., and Roma ́ n-Leshkov, Y. (2016). Synthesis of itaconic acid ester analogues via self-aldol condensation of ethyl pyruvate catalyzed by hafnium BEA zeolites. ACS Catal. 6, 2739–2744. 17. Dijkmans, J., Dusselier, M., Gabrie ̈ ls, D., Houthoofd, K., Magusin, P.C.M.M., Huang, S., Pontikes, Y., Trekels, M., Vantomme, A., Giebeler, L., et al. (2015). Cooperative catalysis for multistep biomass conversion with Sn/Al beta zeolite. ACS Catal. 5, 928–940. 18. Mielby, J., Abildstrøm, J.O., Wang, F., Kasama, T., Weidenthaler, C., and Kegnaes, S. (2014). Oxidation of bioethanol using zeolite- encapsulated gold nanoparticles. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 53, 12513–12516. 19. Wang, C., Wang, L., Zhang, J., Wang, H., Lewis, J.P., and Xiao, F.-S. (2016). Product selectivity controlled by zeolite crystals in biomass hydrogenation over a palladium catalyst. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 138, 7880–7883. 20. Wang, N., Sun, Q., Bai, R., Li, X., Guo, G., and Yu, J. (2016). In situ confinement of ultrasmall Pd clusters within nanosized silicalite-1 zeolite for highly efficient catalysis of hydrogen generation. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 138, 7484–7487. 21. Sun, Q., Wang, N., Bing, Q., Si, R., Liu, J., Bai, R., Zhang, P., Jia, M., and Yu, J. (2017). Chem 3, 928–949, December 14, 2017 947PDF Image | Applications of Zeolites in Sustainable Chemistry
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