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1CO2 UTILIZATION DMEEXCO2 1.8 DMEexCO2 – Integrated dimethyl ether synthesis from methane and CO2 BMBF Project FKZ 033RC1108 Project Coordinator: Dr. Ekkehard Schwab, BASF SE Project Partner: hte, Linde, Fraunhofer Umsicht, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung GmbH, Technische Universität München 1.8.1 Introduction Dimethyl ether (H3C-O-CH3, DME, methoxymethane) is the simplest ether. Its physical properties are similar to those of liquefied gas (LPG – typically a mixture of propane and butane). As DME burns cleanly it, like LPG, is used in large quantities in Asia as an indoor fuel. DME is also used as a CFC-free aerosol propellant. At present, DME is produced using an indirect, two-step synthesis via methanol as an intermediate. So far, all commercial production units have used this synthetic route. The DME synthesis step can be considered to be an add-on to existing methanol production plants with the result that the DME pro-duced via this route always exhibits higher production costs than methanol. The price coupling asso-ciated with the conventional two-step synthesis of DME via methanol could be avoided if DME could be synthe- sised directly. Methanol is produced via reactions (1) and (2): 2 H2 + COàMeOH (1) 3 H2 + CO2àMeOH + H2O (2) Subsequent dehydration (3) of the methanol produces DME: 2 MeOHàDME + H2O (3) Methanol is produced at pressures significantly above 50 bar and at tempe- ratures in the range 200–300 °C. The dehydration process typically occurs at temperatures above 300 °C and at pressures of 10–20 bar. The single-step synthesis of DME is known to take place at a pressure of about 50 bar and a temperature of around 250 °C, but has not so far been implemented on a commercial scale. 68PDF Image | Chemical Processes and Use of CO2
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