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DMEEXCO2 FUNDED PROJECTS The direct synthesis of DME from synthesis gas (‘syngas’) was addressed in this collaborative project in which both the formation of methanol from syngas and its subsequent dehydration to DME are carried out in a single reactor (see Equations (4) and (5)).A significant difference between the single-step and two-step synthesis routes (and one that is highly relevant in terms of process design and heat integration) is the position of the ther- modynamic equilibrium in the syngas/MeOH/DME system (see Figure 1). Under identical reaction conditions, the equilibrium is located significantly further towards the product (i.e. DME) side of the reaction when the direct (single-step) synthesis route is taken. 1.8.2 Project description The goal of the project was to develop a catalyst system and to design an associated process that would enable the direct (i.e. single-step) heteroge- neously catalysed synthesis of DME from CO-rich syngas that may also contain CO2. In addition to its main objective of developing a direct DME synthesis route, the project also aimed to achieve material and energy in- tegration for the syngas and DME synthesis stages in order to optimise the energy efficiency and minimise the climatic impact of the overall process. The reforming stage that generates the syngas did not, however, form part of the project. The direct synthesis of DME from syngas was addressed in this collaborative project in which both the formation of methanol from syngas and its sub- sequent dehydration to DME were carried out in a single reactor (see Equa- tions (4) and (5)). Fig. 23: Equilibrium conversion for DME synthesis via methanol and single-step DME synthesis as a function of the stoichiometric number SN (SN= (H2-CO2)/(CO+CO2)) 69PDF Image | Chemical Processes and Use of CO2
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