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1CO2 UTILIZATION ORGKOKAT Fig. 36: Subprojects within the OrgKoKat. Left: The synthesis of cyclic carbonates from epoxides or olefins; Right: The copolymerisation of CO2 with epoxides to form polycarbonates. polycarbonates respectively [1]. Both products are of significant interest to the chemical industry because of their properties and the broad range of applications in which they can be used. 1.12.2 Project description Part of the OrgKoKat project concentrated on developing new organo- catalysts and cooperative catalyst systems that would facilitate the synthesis of cyclic carbonates and of polycarbonates (Fig. 36). Other project work was concerned with developing and conducting experimental studies of CO2 ac- tivation routes that would enable more efficient utilisation of CO2 as a syn- thetic building block. The integration of upstream and downstream process steps was also included in the study. The aim was to contribute to the de- velopment of direct and indirect options for utilising CO and to open up 2 promising new lines of enquiry in the field of CO2 research. Organocatalysts & Cooperative Catalyst Systems Fig. 37: Catalyst design concept for bifunctional organocatalysts. The catalyst design concept shown in Fig. 37 provided the foundation for the experimental studies carried out during the project. The concept is based on bi- and multifunctional organocatalysts that can efficiently activate CO2 or the relevant substrates. The plan was to synthesise and use bi- and multi- functional organocatalysts that contain both nucleophilic and electrophilic functional groups that are connected to each other via a linker. Nucleophilic functional group Nu e.g. N-heterocyclic carbons phosphanes onium salts amine derivatives E Electrophilic functional group e.g. carboxylic acid alcohols urea Organocatalyst Linker 96PDF Image | Chemical Processes and Use of CO2
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