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Chemical Processes and Use of CO2

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Chemical Processes and Use of CO2 ( chemical-processes-and-use-co2 )

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ACER FUNDED PROJECTS 1.13 ACER – Natriumacrylat from CO2 and Ethene BMBF Project FKZ 033RC1015 Project Coordinator: Dr. Thomas Schaub, BASF Project Partner: hte, Universität Stuttgart, Technische Universität München 1.13.1 Introduction The aim of the project was to find process conditions and catalysts for a new syn- thesis of sodium acrylate (Na-acrylate) from carbon dioxide (CO2) and ethene. Currently acrylic acid is produced from propene by a two-stage oxidation process. The sodium acrylate is then obtained by reacting the acrylic acid with NaOH (see diagram 1), which currently produces about 4 million tonnes per year in this way worldwide, the main application of which is the produc- tion of superabsorbent. Effective homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysts should be found for the target reaction not known at the beginning of the project. The individual steps of a possible catalysis cycle have been investigated for more than 30 years, but it has not been possible to conclude it in terms of productive catalysis. Hoberg et al. discussed nickel alactones („Hoberg complexes“) [1] as stable and isolatable intermediates of a catalytic coupling of ethene and CO2. Critical steps are the β-hydride elimination and the reductive elimination of acrylic acid or sodium acrylate. Although the reaction of ethylene with CO2 in the presence of NaOH is exergonic (ΔG = -56.2 kJ/mol), a suitable combination of catalyst metal, ligand and base (CO2 tolerance) could not be identified in the previous work .[2] Fig. 41: Current synthesis route and target response Reactor I Reactor II, Purification Neutralisation Current synthesis route Acylic acid Target reaction SAP process Acylic acid 101

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