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aqueous ChCl/Urea (1:2) for CO2 and CH4 decreased slightly, while the solubility increased dramatically. The increase of CO2 solubility will decrease the amount of absorbent and the number of theoretical stages of absorber when upgrading the same capacity of raw biogas, while the decrease of selectivity will increase the loss ratio of CH4. Meanwhile, the slight change of selectivity might affect the pressure of flash tank, and it was unclear whether the air flow rate and the optimal operational conditions used for HPWS were still suitable for these new solvents. Therefore, the sensitivity analysis was conducted to find the optimal operational condition to achieve the requirements of biogas upgrading, i.e. the CH4 content in the product gas and off gas (YCH4,PG (vol%) and YCH4,SG (vol%)), the CO2 removal efficiency (RECO2 (%)) and the loss ratio of CH4. After that, energy utilization, environmental effect, and the diameters and pressure drops of absorber and desorber were discussed in detail. As the operational conditions depend on the concentration of ChCl/Urea (1:2), three aqueous ChCl/Urea (1:2) solvents with 30, 50, and 70 wt% ChCl/Urea (1:2) were further studied with the parameters listed in Table 6. For comparison, pure H2O as the solvent was also included. 3.3.1. L/G ratio, Nab, AFR/G and pflash. In this work, the target of YCH4, PG was set to be 97 % while the loss of CH4 was lower than 1%. The ratio of the solvent flow rate to that of biogas (L/G, m3∙m-3) is related to the number of theoretical stages of the absorber (Nab). Sensitivity analysis was carried out to get an optimal L/G ratio and Nab. It should be mentioned that during conducting this sensitivity analysis, other operational parameters listed in Table 5 were fixed as constants. The simulated results are illustrated in Figure 10. The L/G ratio first decreased greatly with the increase of Nab and then reduced slightly. As the increase of Nab leads to high investment cost, based on the results depicted in Figure 10, Nab can be determined together with the corresponding L/G ratio. The optimal Nab and L/G ratio are strongly related to the concentration of ChCl/Urea (1:2). With increasing concentration of ChCl/Urea (1:2), both Nab and L/G ratio decrease. This is because that the CO2 solubility increases remarkably with increasing ChCl/Urea (1:2) content. Figure 10. L/G ratio for various number of theoretical stages of the absorber achieving 97% CH4 in product gas using aqueous ChCl/Urea (1:2) 16PDF Image | CO2 Separation with Ionic Liquids
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