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4 Yujiao Xie/ Energy Procedia 00 (2016) 000–000 The raw biogas was set to be a mixture of 55 % CH4 and 45 % CO2, with the plant capacity 242 Nm3/h. The simulation results are listed in Table 1. In the off gas (OFFG), the difference in molar flow rates of CO2 between the solvents was less than 10%. In the circulated gas (GASCIR), the CO2 in the process with aqueous [Amim][HCOO] was three folds lower than average of the tested solvents (2 kmol/h) as a result of the low CO2 solubility in water. Correspondingly, in the recirculated liquid (LIQCIR), the CO2 in the process with [Amim][HCOO] was four folds lower than average (0.09 kmol/h). The lower CO2 in the GASCIR resulted in a simulated lower amount of solvent which needed to be added in the makeup and recirculated solvent. The higher flow rate of make-up solvent and recirculated solvent significantly affected the energy usage. The pump power for water scrubbing is quite large due to the large amount of recirculated water because of the low CO2 solubility in water. However, there are no large disparities on the compression work. The vacuum pump was needed only for the process using [bmim][Tf2N], resulting in a higher energy usage compared to aqueous ChCl/Urea and aqueous [Amim][HCOO]. Comparing to water scrubbing, the total energy usage for conventional IL-[bmim][Tf2N] scrubbing decreases with about 10%, while the energy usage for aqueous [Amim][HCOO] scrubbing decrease with around 30%. Therefore, in the next section, aqueous [Amim][HCOO] scrubbing was chosen as a reference case when integrating the upgrading process with the AD process. Table 1.The CO2 and CH4 molar-flow and energy usage of the biogas upgrading process with different solvents. Unit Make-up solvent, t/h Recirculated solvent, t/h CO2-OFFG, kmol/h CH4-OFFG, kmol/h CO2-LIQCIR, kmol/h CH4-LIQCIR, kmol/h CO2-GASCIR, kmol/h CH4-GASCIR, kmol/h Power, kW COMP 1 COMP 2 PUMP V ACUUM PUMP BLOWER Total Total, kWh/ Nm3 biogas H2O [bmim][Tf2N] 0.71 0.33 46 22 4.8 4.7 0.018 0.040 0.00012 0.36 0 0.00020 2.5 3.7 0.23 0.50 13 13 14 14 15 6.6 - 7.5 3.6 - 50% ChCl/Urea + 50% H2O 0.15 9.0 4.3 0.01 0.000044 0 1.5 0.14 12 13 4.0 - 3.6 90% [AmimHCOO] + 10% H2O 0.12 7.8 4.3 0.00015 0.0000034 0 0.66 0. 013 12 11 3.7 - 3.6 46 41 33 30 0.20 0.18 0.15 0.14 3.2. Integration of aqueous [Amim][HCOO] scrubbing with AD process The composition of raw biogas with respect to CH4 concentration and the gas flow rate are dependent on the type and amount of substrate as well as the configuration of the AD process (Table 2). To compare the energy efficiency of the aqueous [Amim][HCOO] upgrading process under industrial conditions, data was collected on gas flow rate, gas composition, energy usage of the upgrading and typePDF Image | CO2 Separation with Ionic Liquids
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