PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 004
Processes 2020, 8, x FOR PEER REVIEW 4 of 22 Processes 2020, 8, 548 This paper aims to review recent advances and trends in catalytic CO2 cycloaddition, including homogeneous organocatalyst (e.g., organic salt, ionic liquid, deep eutectic solvents), organometallic 4 of 22 (e.g., mono-, bi-, and tri-metal salen complexes and non-salen complexes), and heterogeneous (e.g., mono-, bi-, and tri-metal salen complexes and non-salen complexes), and heterogeneous supported catalyst and metal organic frameworks (MOFs), along with the reaction mechanistic pathway. supported catalyst and metal organic frameworks (MOFs), along with the reaction mechanistic Substpiatuthtwioanyw. Situhbsbtiotu-btiaosnedweitphobxiyo-ibsaasepdroeposxeydirseparpesroenpotasteidonreopfrpesaetnhtwataioyns voifaptahtehwamayosrpvhiaouthsesugar, lipid,aamnodrplihgonuoscseullgualro,sliicpbidio, manadsslipgnlaotcfeolrlmulo. sLicasbtiobmutanssotpleatafsotr,mth.eLpasotssbiubtilnitoyt olefaesnt,htahnecpinogsscibyicliltoyadofdition enhancing cycloaddition reactions through emerging strategies is discussed. reactions through emerging strategies is discussed. (a) Terminal epoxides: (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) Internal epoxides: (i) Figure 3. Structure of typical and some emerging epoxide species: (a) ethylene oxide (EO); (b) propylene propylene oxide (PO); (c) butylene oxide (BO); (d) allyl glycidyl ether (AGE); (e) hexene oxide (HO); oxide (PO); (c) butylene oxide (BO); (d) allyl glycidyl ether (AGE); (e) hexene oxide (HO); (f) styrene (f) styrene oxide (SO); (g) epichlorohydrin (ECH); (h) cyclohexene oxide (CHO); (i) spiro-epoxy oxide (SO); (g) epichlorohydrin (ECH); (h) cyclohexene oxide (CHO); (i) spiro-epoxy oxindole (SEO). oxindole (SEO). 2. Cycloaddition Reaction Mechanism of Epoxide with CO2 2. Cycloaddition Reaction Mechanism of Epoxide with CO2 (h) Figure 3. Structure of typical and some emerging epoxide species: (a) ethylene oxide (EO); (b) The reaction involving cycloaddition of CO2 with epoxides can be instigated via activating of The reaction involving cycloaddition of CO2 with epoxides can be instigated via activating of either the CO2 or epoxide, or both concurrently [17]. Figure 4 illustrates the general mechanistic either the CO2 or epoxide, or both concurrently [17]. Figure 4 illustrates the general mechanistic pathway of CO2 cycloaddition reaction. The CO2 activation can take place either through a nucleophilic pathway of CO2 cycloaddition reaction. The CO2 activation can take place either through a (Nu) attack byoxygen atom to act as a nucleophile (cycle 1, first step) or an electrophilic attack by carbon atom to act as an electrophile (cycle 2, second step). The epoxide can be activated readily by interacting the oxygen atom with Lewis acid (LA), followed by a nucleophilic attack, promoting epoxide ring opening (cycle 2, first step). Thus, most of the catalytic systems used for CO2 addition into epoxides contain Lewis acid sites (LA) for the later electrophilic activation of epoxide [18].PDF Image | Green Pathway Utilizing CO2 Cycloaddition Reaction Epoxide
PDF Search Title:
Green Pathway Utilizing CO2 Cycloaddition Reaction EpoxideOriginal File Name Searched:
processes-08-00548.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |