PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 006
Molecules 2020, 25, 3653 6 of 23 Molecules 2020, 25, x FOR PEER REVIEW 6 of 24 2.3. Electrocatalysis 2.3. Electrocatalysis Certain renewable resources such as solar energy and wind energy are usually intermittent Certain renewable resources such as solar energy and wind energy are usually intermittent and and limited by the season and weather, so energy storage technology is necessary for uninterrupted limited by the season and weather, so energy storage technology is necessary for uninterrupted energy supply [60]. The electrocatalytic conversion of CO to valuable chemicals is an attractive energy supply [60]. The electrocatalytic conversion of CO22to valuable chemicals is an attractive solution for reducing atmospheric CO and storing energy. Using an external electric field as an 2 solution for reducing atmospheric CO2 and storing energy. Using an external electric field as an energy source and water as the proton donor, various catalysts are applied to catalyze the reduction of energy source and water as the proton donor, various catalysts are applied to catalyze the reduction CO . Compared with thermocatalysis, the electrocatalytic conversion is a higher cost-effective method 2 of CO2. Compared with thermocatalysis, the electrocatalytic conversion is a higher cost-effective becausewaterreplacingH isusedastheprotondonor.ElectrocatalyticCO reductionhasattracted 22 method because water replacing H2 is used as the proton donor. Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction has great attention due to its mild operating conditions (normal temperature and pressure), controllable attracted great attention due to its mild operating conditions (normal temperature and pressure), reaction process conditions and reaction rate, recyclable catalyst and electrolyte, high energy utilization, controllable reaction process conditions and reaction rate, recyclable catalyst and electrolyte, high simple equipment, and achievable conversion efficiency [61–64]. In the past few years, researchers have energy utilization, simple equipment, and achievable conversion efficiency [61–64]. In the past few exploredelectrocatalyticreductionofCO usingdifferentelectrodematerials,suchasmetals[65,66], 2 years, researchers have explored electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 using different electrode materials, transition metal oxides [19,67], transition metal chalcogenides [68,69], metal-free 2D materials [70,71], such as metals [65,66], transition metal oxides [19,67], transition metal chalcogenides [68,69], metal- metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) [72–74], and various reduction products including CO, methane, free 2D materials [70,71], metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) [72–74], and various reduction products formic acid, ethanol, and other compounds were obtained. including CO, methane, formic acid, ethanol, and other compounds were obtained. Hu et al. [75] investigated the electrocatalytic performance of cobalt meso-tetraphenylporphyrin Hu et al. [75] investigated the electrocatalytic performance of cobalt meso-tetraphenylporphyrin (CoTPP) and its complex with carbon materials under both homogeneous and heterogeneous conditions. (CoTPP) and its complex with carbon materials under both homogeneous and heterogeneous reduction was significantly increased by the strong π–π interactions conditions. Their catalytic ability for CO2 reduction was significantly increased by the strong π–π or similar carbon materials (Figure 3). nanotubes (CNTs) or similar carbon materials (Figure 3). Figure 3. Immobilization of the catalyst–carbon composite on GC (M = Co or Fe-Cl). Inset: Chemical Figure 3. Immobilization of the catalyst–carbon composite on GC (M = Co or Fe-Cl). Inset: Chemical Their catalytic ability for CO 2 between CoTPP and carbon materials when CoTPP was incorporated with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) interactions between CoTPP and carbon materials when CoTPP was incorporated with carbon structure of CoTPP [75]. structure of CoTPP [75]. Wang and coauthors [76] designed and synthesized a series of stable reductive Wang and coauthors [76] designed and synthesized a series of stable reductive polyoxometalate- polyoxometalate-metalloporphyrin organic frameworks (M-PMOF, M = Co, Fe, Ni, zinc, as shown metalloporphyrin organic frameworks (M-PMOF, M = Co, Fe, Ni, zinc, as shown in Figure 4) by using in Figure 4) by using reductive polyoxometalates (POMs, such as Zn-ε-Keggin cluster, as electron reductive polyoxometalates (POMs, such as Zn-ε-Keggin cluster, as electron donor) as building block donor) as building block and metalloporphyrin as linker. Metalloporphyrin is helpful for electron and metalloporphyrin as linker. Metalloporphyrin is helpful for electron mobility for its inherent mobility for its inherent macrocycle conjugated π-electron structure. Connection of Zn-ε-Keggin macrocycle conjugated π-electron structure. Connection of Zn-ε-Keggin and M-TCPP might create and M-TCPP might create an oriented electron transportation pathway by which multiple electron an oriented electron transportation pathway by which multiple electron transfer processes in transfer processes in electrocatalytic CO2 reduction were completed. The electrocatalytic performance electrocatalytic CO2 reduction were completed. The electrocatalytic performance of M-PMOFs was of M-PMOFs was measured by linear sweep voltammetry. The total current density of Co-PMOF at measured by linear swee−p2 voltammetry. The total current density of C−o2-PMOF at −1.1 V was 38.9 m−A2 −1.1 V was 38.9 mA cm , higher than that of Fe-PMOF (25.1 mA cm ), Ni-PMOF (20.02 mA cm ), cm−2, higher than that of Fe−-2PMOF (25.1 mA cm−2), Ni-PMOF (20.02 mA cm−2), and Zn-PMOF (16 mA and Zn-PMOF (16 mA cm ). These PMOFs, especially Co-PMOF, exhibited excellent electrocatalytic cm−2). These PMOFs, especially Co-PMOF, exhibited excellent electrocatalytic performance in CO2 performance in CO2 reduction. reduction.PDF Image | Research Progress in Conversion of CO2 to Valuable Fuels
PDF Search Title:
Research Progress in Conversion of CO2 to Valuable FuelsOriginal File Name Searched:
molecules-25-03653.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)