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Chapter 4 Stoichiometry of Chemical Reactions 225 (a) How many molecules of Zn(CN)2 are produced by the reaction of 35.27 g of K[Ag(CN)2]? (b) What mass of Zn(CN)2 is produced? 50. What mass of silver oxide, Ag2O, is required to produce 25.0 g of silver sulfadiazine, AgC10H9N4SO2, from the reaction of silver oxide and sulfadiazine? 2C10H10N4SO2 +Ag2O ⟶ 2AgC10H9N4SO2 +H2O 51. Carborundum is silicon carbide, SiC, a very hard material used as an abrasive on sandpaper and in other applications. It is prepared by the reaction of pure sand, SiO2, with carbon at high temperature. Carbon monoxide, CO, is the other product of this reaction. Write the balanced equation for the reaction, and calculate how much SiO2 is required to produce 3.00 kg of SiC. 52. Automotive air bags inflate when a sample of sodium azide, NaN3, is very rapidly decomposed. 2NaN3(s) ⟶ 2Na(s) + 3N2(g) What mass of sodium azide is required to produce 2.6 ft3 (73.6 L) of nitrogen gas with a density of 1.25 g/L? 53. Urea, CO(NH2)2, is manufactured on a large scale for use in producing urea-formaldehyde plastics and as a fertilizer. What is the maximum mass of urea that can be manufactured from the CO2 produced by combustion of 1.00 × 103 kg of carbon followed by the reaction? CO2(g) + 2NH3(g) ⟶ CO (NH2)2(s) + H2 O(l) 54. In an accident, a solution containing 2.5 kg of nitric acid was spilled. Two kilograms of Na2CO3 was quickly spread on the area and CO2 was released by the reaction. Was sufficient Na2CO3 used to neutralize all of the acid? 55. A compact car gets 37.5 miles per gallon on the highway. If gasoline contains 84.2% carbon by mass and has a density of 0.8205 g/mL, determine the mass of carbon dioxide produced during a 500-mile trip (3.785 liters per gallon). 56. What volume of a 0.750 M solution of hydrochloric acid, a solution of HCl, can be prepared from the HCl produced by the reaction of 25.0 g of NaCl with an excess of sulfuric acid? NaCl(s) + H2 SO4(l) ⟶ HCl(g) + NaHSO4(s) 57. What volume of a 0.2089 M KI solution contains enough KI to react exactly with the Cu(NO3)2 in 43.88 mL of a 0.3842 M solution of Cu(NO3)2? 2Cu(NO3)2 + 4KI ⟶ 2CuI + I2 + 4KNO3 58. A mordant is a substance that combines with a dye to produce a stable fixed color in a dyed fabric. Calcium acetate is used as a mordant. It is prepared by the reaction of acetic acid with calcium hydroxide. 2CH3CO2H+Ca(OH)2 ⟶Ca(CH3CO2)2+2H2O What mass of Ca(OH)2 is required to react with the acetic acid in 25.0 mL of a solution having a density of 1.065 g/ mL and containing 58.0% acetic acid by mass? 59. The toxic pigment called white lead, Pb3(OH)2(CO3)2, has been replaced in white paints by rutile, TiO2. How much rutile (g) can be prepared from 379 g of an ore that contains 88.3% ilmenite (FeTiO3) by mass? 2FeTiO3+4HCl+Cl2 ⟶2FeCl3+2TiO2+2H2O 4.4 Reaction Yields 60. The following quantities are placed in a container: 1.5 × 1024 atoms of hydrogen, 1.0 mol of sulfur, and 88.0 g of diatomic oxygen. (a) What is the total mass in grams for the collection of all three elements? (b) What is the total number of moles of atoms for the three elements? (c) If the mixture of the three elements formed a compound with molecules that contain two hydrogen atoms, one sulfur atom, and four oxygen atoms, which substance is consumed first?PDF Image | Stoichiometry of Chemical Reactions
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