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Figure 9.3: Key performance indicators of AWE, PEMWE, and SOEC technologies. Figure courtesy of Julie Mougin, CEA. Specific research goals for SOEC systems include • Demonstration of stack and system with durability, performance, and cost parameters suffi- cient for scaling to 10 MW (c.a. 3,000 Nm3/h or 2.4 kT H2/y) within 10 years • Integration of 10 MW SOEC-based plant with downstream thermocatalytic processes within 10 years 9.4 Conclusion To meet EU goals for the transition away from fossil resources, conventional scale-up processes from the laboratory (TRL 1) to industrial deployment (TRL 9) in the chemical and fuel industry (20+ years) have to be significantly accelerated. Today’s electrochemical commodity chemical production of chlorine and aluminum showcases the feasibility of scaling up electrochemical production to a large scale. In the perspective of using renewably generated electricity for the production of organic chemicals and fuels, R&D efforts on scale-up need to be strongly increased, as current plants and demonstrators (kW or T/y) have to be scaled up to the scale of several hundred MW or kT/y for the production of organic commodity chemicals and to the scale of several GW or MT/y for the production of organic fuels. A cross-cutting requirement to accelerate the scale- up of electrochemical processes from early-stage ideas to pilot-scale stacks and small-scale plants is the intimate cooperation of academia and industry in a continuous structured and iterative process, identifying feasible pathways and potential dead ends in perspective of scale-up and large- scale deployment of technologies. Innovation instruments such as testbeds that facilitate high-risk 98PDF Image | sustainable production of fuels and chemicals
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