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Potential leak points REAL Alternatives Module 2 Design Differences for Alternative Refrigerants | 29 Potential leak points typically include joints, a bend of more than 90O, pipe and components which are exposed to damage and any other weak point in the system. Care should be taken to ensure that the installation of the leak source (e.g. the tube connected to the HC cylinder through which the leak is introduced into the area), the positioning of the refrigeration system and the refrigerant sampling equipment do not notably influence the test results. The equipment for measuring the refrigerant concentration should have sufficiently rapid response to changes in concentration, typically 2 to 3 seconds. Any location where the concentration is above 50% of the LFL for any part of the test is deemed to be potentially flammable 15. The factor of 0.5 is used because a flammable refrigerant leak is defined as a secondary release. The simulated leak testing also identifies the area around a system which must be free from sources of ignition. If a potentially flammable zone can occur beyond the footprint of the system it is important that other equipment located within this area is suitable for use in a potentially flammable environment. Electrical devices The simulated leak testing will identify whether sources of ignition are within the potentially flammable zone. Electrical devices within the potentially flammable zone must not: Produce an arc or spark (unless that arc or spark is prevented from causing ignition in accordance with IEC EN60079‐15 Explosive atmospheres – Equipment protection by type of protection “n”, clauses 16 to 20); Develop a maximum surface temperature in excess of the maximum appropriate to the temperature class of the apparatus (unless the temperature is prevented from causing ignition in accordance with IEC EN60079‐15, clauses 16 to 20). Sources of ignition Sources of ignition associated with refrigeration systems typically include: On / off switches or contactors; Relays (e.g. on controls and single phase compressors); Pressure switches; Thermal overloads; Fan motors; Thermostats; Condensate pumps; Miniature circuit breakers (MCBs); 15 EN60079‐10‐1:2009 Explosive atmospheres – Classification of areas – explosive gas atmospheres, B.5.2.1, 2PDF Image | Alternative Refrigerants
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