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CO2 HEAT PUMP Analysis

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CO2 HEAT PUMP Analysis ( co2-heat-pump-analysis )

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CHAPTER 2: LITERA TURE STUDY 39 Stene (2004) did a study where he compared four different kinds of heat pump designs with each other. The four designs were: 1) Heat pump with condenser and desuperheater; 2) Heat pump with sub-cooler, condenser and desuperheater; 3) Heat pump with suction gas heat exchanger, condenser and desuperheater; and 4) CO2 heat pump with a single counter-flow gas cooler. The first three designs were tested with R-134a and R290 and the last heat pump design used CO2 as a refrigerant. All of the above-mentioned designs were tested at the same conditions and the results were compared. Figure 2.24: Principle schematic of a CO2 heat pump water heater (Stene, 2004). , COMPRESSOR LPR ,1 1 ,! , Hot water consumption (50 to 5500) City water (5 to 250C) , 1____1 EVAPO­ RATOR HEAT EXCHANGER GAS COOLER PUMP 6Qto 850C SINGLE-SHELL HOT WATER TANK From Stene's results it was evident that the CO2 system had on average a 20% higher COP than the best performed system between systems 1 - 3. This is most likely due to the higher compressor efficiency and the good temperature fit in the gas cooler between the water and CO2. Figure 2.25 shows the calculated COP values for the different heat pump water heating systems as a function of the evaporation temperature. The calculations were based on the assumptions of a total UA-value of 2100 WK for the gas cooler/condensers and evaporators, 5°C inlet water temperature and an outlet water temperature of 70°C (Stene, 2007). A Techno-Economical Analysis of a CO2 Heat Pump. School ofMechanical Engineering, North-West University

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