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CHAPTER 2: STIJDY 38 temperatures between 10-50°C. Thermal expansion of CO2 in its gas state is not as severe as from its liquid state, but should still be taken note of (Madsen, 2008). According to Sarkar et al. (2004), it is found that CO2 heat pumps can successfully be used for medium and high temperature processes. For heating applications, CO2 is superior to other alternative refrigerant choices because of its good heat transfer capabilities. For process heat application CO2 seems to have better performance than other alternative refrigerants. According to ANON (b) (s.a.) heat pumps can save up to 1.8 billion tonnes of CO2 emissions per year resulting in a saving of up to 8% in global CO2 emissions This is the equivalent of planting 50 million hectares of In hotels, hospitals, apartment buildings etc. the annual energy demand for heating water typically range between 25% - 60%, (Stene, 2004). Due to the demand for hot water heaters in Japan, a CO2 heat pump water heater was developed under the brand name "Eco-Cute" and sale thereof started in February 2002. It is able to generate hot water up to 90°C with an average annual COP of above 3 (Kasai & Shibata, 2003). ~ representation of a principle CO2 heat pump water heater is given in Fig 2.24. The high energy efficiency of the CO heat pump is due to the good temperature fit .'. '.'. . CO2 and due to the high compressor efficiency (Stene, 2004). A schematic 2 between CO2 and the water in the gas cooler, the excellent heat transfer properties of A Techno-Economical Analysis of a CO2 Heat Pump. School ofMechanical Engineering, North-West UniversityPDF Image | CO2 HEAT PUMP Analysis
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