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CHAPTER 6: CLOSURE 128 The CO2 heat pump showed on average a 15% better coefficient of performance (COP) than the R-22 heat pump. The effect of the COP difference could clearly be seen in the annual energy consumption of the two systems. The R-22 heat pump system uses 9.4% more energy than the CO2 system. The CO2 heat pump system costs 11.7% more than the R-22 heat pump system. This is mainly due to it being a relatively new technology and the components used with CO2 as a refrigerant is not mass produced yet. The cost of the CO2 components should drop as the technology improves and the demand for the components increases. The R-22 heat pump system has a higher operating cost of about 11.9% when compared to the CO2 system. Even though the CO2 system is currently more expensive than the R-22 system it has a lower operating cost resulting in an additional capital expense payback period of about 4 years. To conciude, CO2 as refrigerant is definitely a feasible option to be used in a heat pump system. Not only is it an environmentally friendly gas, but it has a better operating cost and is more energy efficient. With the phasing out of HFC and HCFC refrigerants combined with the electricity crisis in South Africa, CO2 definitely has a future as a refrigerant in the refrigeration market. 6.2 Recommendations for further work Based on the work done in this study and the results found the following has been identified as areas requiring further attention: • .A study needs to be conducted specifically on the gas cooler to get a better understanding of the thermodynamic process when operating in a transcritical state. • Component models need to be developed for a detailed system simUlation to assist in the design and sizing of system components. • The development of a prototype CO2 heat pump system will be valuable for the research to generate practical results for simulation model verification. • Applications surrounding CO2 as a refrigerant needs to be investigated further. The possibility to heat water to 90°C could lead industrial applications for the CO2 technology_ A Techno-Economical Analysis of a COl Heat Pump. School ofMechanical Engineering, North-West UniversityPDF Image | CO2 HEAT PUMP Analysis
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