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The annual DHW system performance at Site can be calculated as: Figure 12 shows the DHW system COP over the monitoring period. It is divided into periods when all four heat pumps were functioning and periods when only three were functioning. As can be seen, the system efficiency was maintained with only three operable heat pumps. HPWH Duty Cycle The equipment manufacturer has recommended that systems should be designed so that equipment does not run for more than 16 hours per day. Figure 13 shows that the equipment typically ran for approximately fifteen hours when all HPWHs were operable. Fewer functioning HPWHs led to longer run times of approximately twenty hours per day. ππππππππ = π·π·π·π·π·π·_ππππππ π«π«π«π«π«π«π«π«π«π«π«π«π«π«π«π«π«π«π¬π¬π¬π¬π«π«π«π«π¬π¬π¬π¬ πΆπΆπΆπΆπΆπΆ+πΉπΉπ«π«πΉπΉπ«π«π«π«πΉπΉπΆπΆπ«π«πππΆπΆπ«π«πππ¬π¬ π³π³πππ³π³π³π³π¬π¬π¬π¬π«π«π«π«π¬π¬π¬π¬ πΆπΆπΆπΆπΆπΆ π·π·π·π·π·π·π·π·π·π·π¬π¬π¬π¬π«π«π«π«π¬π¬π¬π¬ π°π°π¬π¬+π©π©π©π©π·π·π¬π¬π¬π¬π«π«π«π«π¬π¬π¬π¬ π°π°π¬π¬ Where: ο¬ DeliveredEnergy Out = Heat delivered to the water used in the building ο¬ Recirculation LossEnergy Out = Heat lost in the circulation loop. ο¬ PHPWH ο¬ BUH = Primary HPWH = Backup Heater Figure 12. DHW System COP by Outside Air Temperature BONNEVILLE POWER ADMINISTRATION 16PDF Image | CO2 Heat Pump Water Heater Multifamily Retrofit
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