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Stage 3. Stage 3 mainly focused on investigating the defrosting scheme of the Sanyo Eco-cute heat pump since no description of this was available. These tests were therefore more or less based on a trail-error manner to investigate the heat pump’s defrosting scheme and the heat pump’s performance during the defrosting period. As described previously in the heat pump unit description part, the heat pump has a bypass line controlled by a solenoid valve after the compressor. When defrosting starts, this valve will open and “hot”CO2 will be diverged to from the compressor outlet to the evaporator to remove any ice formation. Figure 20 shows the schematic layout of the test facility in the climate chamber. A normal water boiler is used as a steam generator to create the required humidity in the climate chamber. There are two positions used as testing positions for the boiler: Position 1 is considered as a pre-testing position, where the boiler creates very strong humidity conditions in the region close to the heat pump (boiler is placed about 50 cm away from the heat pump evaporator’s fin). By pre-testing at this position, the defrosting should happen extremely frequent due to the high moisture content in the air close to the evaporator. Therefore, changes of the heat pump system parameters during the defrosting period can be relatively easily studied. Furthermore, the possible influence of the heat generated by the boiler on the air inlet temperature to the heat pump’s evaporator is also studied to avoid the bias on the testing results. There is however no large observable difference between the air inlet temperature and the pre-set climate chamber’s temperature. Therefore, the influence of the heat generated by the boiler on the air inlet temperature to the heat pump’s evaporator can be neglected. In position 2 a more uniform moisture distribution is created in the climate chamber. This is used to test the heat pump performance during normal defrosting periods. Furthermore, during the tests with the boiler placed at position 2, the relative humidity of the air in the climate chamber is measured regularly with a psychrometer. The relative humidity is always controlled to be in the range of 75-85 % at different temperatures conditions. The tests are run under constant radiator heating loads of about 3.5 or 5 kW with a radiator water volume flow of approximately 0.5 m3/h. Data is recorded when the heat pump system has reached stable working condition with the predefined radiator load. Moreover, in addition to the measuring equipment already mounted on the heat pump system, two extra thermocouples are mounted on the bottom and middle of the evaporator air inlet respectively to study the effect of the small gas cooler (the drip pan heater) that is placed at the bottom of the evaporator. 29PDF Image | CO2 heat pumps for the Swedish market
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