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Heat Pumps for Heating and Cooling The outdoor unit fan draws air from open environment, which flows over the outdoor coil containing a refrigerant liquid. The liquid refrigerant absorbs the heat from the air and boils (evaporates) to vapor. The outside coil is thus referred to as Evaporator. The refrigerant vapor is than compressed to higher temperature and pressure and is moved to the indoor coil. The refrigerant gives up its heat to the indoor air and condenses to liquid. Therefore, in the heating mode, the indoor coil is referred to as the Condenser Coil. The refrigerant circulates in the equipment repeating the processes of compression, condensation, expansion and evaporation and back to compression in order to remove the warm air inside the room to the outdoor. This process is automatically controlled by a thermostat until the required room temperature is reached. When extra heat is needed on particularly cold days, supplemental electric-resistance heater kicks on to add warmth to the air that is passing through. Cooling Mode The Air to Air heat pump will reverse to cooling mode in summer months when the outdoor air temperature is higher than the room temperature. In the cooling mode, the indoor coil functions as the evaporator and the outdoor coil functions as the condenser. Air from the occupied space passes over the evaporator, or cooling coil, and heat energy is transferred from the air to the coil. This heat is ultimately transferred to the outdoor coil, which is acting as the condenser. At the condenser, the heat is then rejected to the outside. Refer to the schematic below for the cooling cycle. 18PDF Image | Heat Pumps for Heating and Cooling
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