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Figure 7-3 and Figure 7-4. These products have cooling capacities typically ranging from 1.0 kW to 10 kW (having an average size of 2.7 kW). This category of products includes the following common configurations: Window Mounted Room Air Conditioner, Through-the-Wall (TTW) Air Conditioner Portable Air Conditioner 6 Packaged Terminal Air Conditioner. Small self-contained air conditioners are designed to heat or cool single spaces, such as bed- rooms, small shops, restaurants and offices. Small self-contained air conditioners, because of their size and relatively low cost, have often been the first individual comfort electrically driven vapour-compression systems to appear in emerging air conditioning markets. However, duct-free, split type room air conditioners are being selected more frequently as the first comfort air conditioning option in most countries resulting in a global decline in the demand for window mounted and through-the-wall air conditioners. These systems have average refrigerant charge levels of approximately 0.25 kg per kW of cooling capacity, for example, 0.75 kg of HCFC-22 for the average size unit of 2.7 kW. The majority use hermetic rotary compressors. Most small self-contained air conditioners historically used HCFC-22. As non-ODP refrigerants have been applied to these products-the majority have used HFC blends, R-407C and R-410A. A small proportion of units are using HC-290. Globally there are about 17 million SSC air conditioners currently produced annually (Gloёl, 2014; JRAIA, 2018), split approximately equally between Article 5 and non-Article 5 countries. With service lives over 10 years, it is estimated that more than 200 million SSC air conditioners remain in operation globally. Figure 7-1: Portable Figure 7-2: Window Figure 7-3: PTAC Figure 7-4: TTW 7.2.2 Split (non-ducted) residential and commercial air conditioners In many parts of the world, residential and light commercial air-conditioning is done with non- ducted split air conditioners. Non-ducted split air conditioners are widely applied in commercial buildings, schools, apartments and freestanding residences and range in capacity from 2.0 kW to 20 kW (average size of 3.8 kW); see Figure 7-5, Figure 7-6, Figure 7-7 and Figure 7-8. They comprise a compressor/heat exchanger unit (condensing unit) installed outside the space to be cooled or heated. The outdoor unit is connected via refrigerant piping to a fan-coil unit located inside the conditioned space, generally on the wall but also can be ceiling or floor mounted 6 Portable air conditioners are a special class of room air conditioners that can be rolled from room to room. They exhaust their condenser air through a small flexible conduit, which can be placed in an open window. Some portable air conditioners use a separate outdoor condenser, which connects, to the indoor section with flexible refrigerant piping. 2018 TOC Refrigeration, A/C and Heat Pumps Assessment Report 135PDF Image | Heat Pumps Technical Options
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