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Figure 13 Variation of COP with variation of set point temperature and heating capacity [8] System performance with the variation of charge (amount of CO2) was studied by Hoghyun Cho [10] who concluded that the cooling COP of the system reduced more significantly at undercharged conditions as compared with overcharged conditions, furthermore, among the considered alternatives (R22, R410A, R407C) with CO2 the system performance was most sensitive with the refrigerant charge amount at under charged conditions. In a recent study (2010) D. Leighton [11] presented the results for an air to water CO2 heat pump, the system was utilizing plate type heat exchanger for the gas cooler. The main focus of the study was to evaluate the performance of plate type heat exchanger which was used as a gas cooler. The author calculated the effectiveness of the heat exchanger and then discussed the results with various plots against the involved parameters (approach temperature, heating capacity, and CO2 enthalpy). E. Fornasieri [12] conducted tests on a water to water based CO2 heat pump which utilized double plate type heat exchanger as a gas cooler and plate type heat exchanger as evaporator. Double plate heat exchanger ensures no water contamination with lubricant oil in case of wall failure. System performance was evaluated by varying the water inlet and set temperatures (for gas cooler) and also by variation of evaporation temperature. Water inlet temperature for one specific case was fixed while flow rate was varied to reach the desired set point temperature (60, 70 or 80 oC), for each value of water flow rate the gas cooler side pressure was varied with expansion valve within the range of 80-112 bar. The maximum value of COP quoted in the study was 3.9 when water was heated from 20-60 oC and high side pressure was 91 bars. Another study was carried out by X.P. Zhang [15], the main objective of the study was to find out relationship between optimum high side pressure, degree of superheat at the compressor inlet 12PDF Image | heat recovery from R744 based refrigeration system
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