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Basics of Industrial Heat Pumps 2-34 Physical principles 2 Physical principles A heat pump is essentially a heat engine operating in reverse. Its principle is illustrated below. Figure 2-1: Heat pump principle From the first law of thermodynamics, the amount of heat delivered ππ· at the higher temperature ππ·is related to the amount of heat extracted ππ at the low temperature ππ and the amount of high grade energy input π by the equation ππ· = ππ + π Compared to heat pumps for space heating, using heat sources such as ground or water, IHPs often have the following advantages: ο· high coefficient of performance due to low temperature lifts and/or high temper- ature levels; ο· long annual operating times; ο· relatively low investments cost, due to large units and small distances between heat source and heat sink; ο· waste heat production and heat demand occur at the same time. Despite these advantages, the number of heat pump installations in industry is almost negligible compared to those installed for space heating. Note: A coefficient of performance (COP) can be defined as πΆππ = ππ· π πΆπππ= ππ· ππ· β ππ The Carnot coefficient of performancePDF Image | Industrial Heat Pumps
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