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Basics of Industrial Heat Pumps 3-36 Heat pump technology 3 Heatpumptechnology 3.1 Criteria for possible heat pump applications The first step in any possible IHP application is to identify technically feasible installation alternatives, and possibilities for their economic installation. In simple operations, where the process in which the IHP will be used only consists of a few streams with obvious sink and source, the need for a thorough assessment is nor- mally not necessary. In these cases, only the characteristics of the sink and source are of importance for the feasibility and selection of the IHP. The obvious parameters are: heat sink and source temperature; size (in terms of heat load) of the sink and source; physical parameters of the sink and source, such as phase and location Industrial heat pumps are used in the power ranges of 50 – 150 kW and 150 to several MW. The sink and source temperatures determine which IHP types can be used in a specific application. These types can be categorized in various ways, e.g. as mechanically- or heat-driven, compression or absorption, closed or open cycles. 3.2 Thermodynamic processes The most important thermodynamic processes for industrial heat pumps are: closed compression cycle - electric driven or gas-engine driven mechanical (MVR) and thermal (TVR) vapour recompression sorption cycle absorption–compression cycle current developments, e. g. thermo acoustic, injections and will be described in the next chapters. 3.2.1 Mechanical compression cycles The principle of the simple closed compression cycle is shown below. Figure 3-1: Closed compression cyclePDF Image | Industrial Heat Pumps
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