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MARKET REPORT Industrial heat pumps Industrial heat pumps have various applications, with a large span of temperatures. It is difficult to obtain sta- tistics using specific indicators. As a result of a trial cal- culation in 2015 at the Heat Pump and Thermal Storage Technology Center of Japan [4] it was found that out of a total industrial boiler heating heat of 1,530 TJ (terajoules), about 440 TJ may be output by heat pumps. At the current state of industrial heat pumps, the app- lication of industrial heat pumps collected during the continuous efforts of IEA HPT Annex 48 [5] can be sum- marized as follows. In Japan, industrial heat pumps are mainly used as equipment in production factories, and are applied to food, machinery, chemicals, electronics, agriculture/fis- heries, and paper manufacturing in descending order of the number of applications. As for heat sources, air heat sources and simultaneous heating/cooling dual- use technology each occupy approximately one-third of the market. R410A, CO2, and R134a dominate the re- frigerants used. As an introduction result, the average primary energy reduction rate of the collected cases is 42% and the average CO2 reduction rate is 49%, which indicates that there has been a great effect. Although the necessary supply temperature varies depending on the field and application, there are heat pumps that can generate steam at a maximum of about 120 °C. Energy conservation policy and impact on heat pumps In the energy conservation measures formulated by the Agency for Natural Resources and Energy of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, the target for energy conservation measures in FY2030 is set to 50.3 million m3 crude oil equivalent compared to 2013. Specific measures related to heat pumps include the in- troduction of high-efficiency air conditioning and indu- strial HP (heating and drying) in the industrial sector, the introduction of commercial water heaters and refrige- rant management technology in the commercial sector, and the introduction of high-efficiency water heaters and the improvement of energy-saving performance of equipment by the Top Runner Program in the household sector. In the energy-saving technology strategy, “next-gene- ration heat pump systems” are positioned as a cross- sectional technology strategy for each sector of industry, domestic, commercial and transportation. The direction of heat pump development by sector has been propo- sed. As individual technology for each sector, higher efficiency of heat pumps and development of new re- frigerants are promoted. By sector, the development of exhaust heat utilization systems and high-temperature heat pumps are being promoted in the industrial sector. In the domestic and commercial sectors, the performan- ce of component device improvements, demand control and response functions, and equipment and systems for new refrigerants are being promoted. In the transporta- tion sector, development of heat pumps for next-genera- tion automobiles is being promoted. Conclusions Room air conditioners are improving year by year in terms of performance and functions as products suita- ble for the Japanese climate and form of housing. Ship- ments in 2018 have reached 9.8 million units and conti- nue to grow moderately. Commercial air conditioner shipments are around 800,000 units and are almost flat in quantity. In terms of applications, the building multi type has grown, and shipments have doubled over the past 20 years. Domestic heat pump water heater shipments have reached 480,000 units (2018) and have been increasing since 2015. They are also listed in the Ministry of Eco- nomy, Trade and Industry's energy-saving policy, targe- ting a total of 14 million units in 2030. Industrial heat pumps have the potential to produce heat pump output as high as 440 TJ as replacements for industrial boilers, and have application examples in in- dustries such as food, machinery, chemistry, electronics, agriculture/fisheries, and paper manufacturing. They are listed in the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry's energy conservation policy, and future growth can be expected. References [1] Past Weather Data, https://www.data.jma.go.jp/ obd/stats/etrn/index.php , (Feb. 3, 2020), Japanese Meteorological Agency (JMA). (in Japanese) [2] National Survey on Consumer Consumption 2014, Results on Major Durable Consumer Goods, Outli- ne of Results, Table I-1 (p. 1), Reference Map (p. 6), July 31, 2015, Statistics Bureau, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications. (in Japanese) [3] Voluntary Statistics, https://www.jraia.or.jp/statis- tic/index.html, (Feb. 3, 2020), Japan Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Industry Association (JRAIA). (in Japanese) [4] Heat pump diffusion prospective survey, Table 6-6 (p. 42), January 6, 2015, Heat Pump and Thermal Storage Technology Center of Japan (HPTCJ). (in Japanese) [5] Industrial Heat Pumps, second Phase (IEA Heat Pumping Technologies TCP Annex 48), Task 1 country report of Japan, 2018, Japanese National Team. HIDEAKI MAEYAMA Heat Pump & Thermal Storage Technology Center of Japan Japan maeyama.hideaki@hptcj.or.jp https://doi.org/10.23697/nwk7-8f60 26 HPT MAGAZINE VOL.38 NO 1/2020PDF Image | Integration of Heat Pumps into the Future Energy
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