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TOPICAL ARTICLE Annex 47: Heat Pumps in District Heating and Cooling Systems Svend Pedersen, Denmark District heating in general, and heat pumps connected to the grids in particular, are predicted to play a key role in the energy grid and supply in the future. With the implementation of district heating, it is possible to cover up to 50% of the heating demand in Europe, and heat pumps can deliver around 25% of the energy to the district heating grid. The Heat Roadmap Europe 4 scenarios with a larger share of district heating in the energy system show that CO2 emissions can be reduced by more than 70% compared to today’s situation. District heating replaces fossil fuels Annex 47, which looks into the aspects of heat pumps in district heating systems, has been an important annex under the IEA Heat Pumping Technologies program, sin- ce gradually more countries realize that district heating is a way to phase out fossil fuels. Initiating a new Annex The project group consists of members from Austria, Denmark, Sweden, Switzerland, and United Kingdom, and during the project period the interest for heat pumps in district heating has grown in other countries. Conse- quently, a new annex has been initiated which looks into the “Flexibility by implementation of heat pump in multi- vector energy systems and thermal networks”. Download and share this article Annex 47, which started in 2016, is now finalized, and all the reports and case studies are available at https:// heatpumpingtechnologies.org/annex47. Large-scale heat pumps show great potential The Heat Roadmap Europe 4 (HRE4) project showed that for the vast majority of European urban areas, district heating (DH) is a cost-efficient solution, which can pro- vide at least half of the total heat demand in the 14 countries included in the study, while efficiently reducing CO2 emissions and the primary energy demand of the heating and cooling sector (see Figure 1). Based on the results, the project also suggests that large-scale heat pumps (HP) should play a large role in future DH systems in order to develop flexible and supply-safe systems. Fig. 1: Share of district heating in 2015 (Baseline 2015), recommended level of district heating share in Heat Roadmap Europe 2050, and the range of economically feasible district heating within a 0.5% total annual energy system cost change sensitivity. VOL.38 NO 1/2020 HPT MAGAZINE 27PDF Image | Integration of Heat Pumps into the Future Energy
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