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Halogen free (natural) refrigerants Propylene (R1270) as an alternative to Propane For some time there has been increasing interest in using propylene (propene) as a substitute for R22 or HFC. Due to its higher volumetric refrigerating capacity and lower boiling temperature (compared to R290), applications in medium and low temperature systems are of particular interest, e.g. liquid chillers for supermarkets. On the other hand, higher pressure levels (> 20%) and discharge gas temperatures have to be taken into consideration, thus restricting the possible application range. Material compatibility is comparable to propane, as is the choice of lubricants. Propylene is also easily inflammable and belongs to the safety group A3. The same safety regulations are therefore to be observed as with propane (page 31). Due to the chemical double bond, propylene reacts quite easily, risking polymerization at high pressure and temperature levels. How- ever, tests by hydrocarbon manufacturers and stability tests in real applications show practically no reactivity in refrigeration sys- tems. Doubts have occasionally been voiced in some literature regarding possible carcinogenic effects of propylene. These assumptions have been disproved by ap- propriate studies. Resulting design criteria With regard to system technology, experi- ence gained from the use of propane can widely be applied to propylene. However, component dimensions have to be altered due to higher volumetric refrigerating capac- ity (Fig. 26). The compressor displacement is correspondingly lower, as are the suction and high pressure volume flows. Because of higher vapour density, the mass flow is almost the same as for R290. As liquid den- sity is nearly identical, the same applies to the liquid volume in circulation. As with R290, an internal heat exchanger between suction and liquid lines is of advantage. However, due to the higher dis- charge gas temperature of R1270, restrictions are partly necessary at high pressure ratios. A range of ECOLINE compressors and CS. compact screws is available for R1270. Due to the individual requirements a specifically equipped compressor version is offered. Inquiries and orders need a clear reference to R1270. The handling of the order includes an indi- vidual agreement between the contract partners. Open reciprocating compressors are also available for R1270, together with a comprehensive program of flame-proof accessories which may be required. Supplementary BITZER information concerning the use of R1270 (see also https://www.bitzer.de) o Technical Information AT-660 “Use of propane (R290) and propene (R1270) in semi-hermetic BITZER compressors” 32PDF Image | REFRIGERANT REPORT 21
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