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3 – Theoretical Background and System Analysis 3.2.2.2 The Volumetric Heating Capacity Figure 3.7 demonstrates how the volumetric heating capacity [kJ/cm3] of a single-stage transcritical CO2 heat pump cycle is affected by the CO2 out- let temperature from the gas cooler and the high-side pressure. The tempe- ratures in the brackets are the CO2 inlet temperatures for the gas cooler, and the boundary conditions for the calculations are as in Figure 3.4. 0.030 0.025 0.020 0.015 0.010 0.005 0.000 12 MPa 10 (132oC) (11 MPa 9 2oC) (1 MPa 04oC) 7.5 MPa (82oC) 8 MPa (89oC) Variable high-side pressure 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 CO2 Outlet Temperature [°C] Figure 3.7 The volumetric heating capacity of a transcritical CO2 heat pump cycle as a function of the CO2 outlet temperature from the gas cooler and the high-side pressure. The boun- dary conditions are as in Figure 3.4. At CO2 outlet temperatures below 30°C the volumetric heating capacity of the heat pump increases by roughly 1% per degree Kelvin drop in the CO2 outlet temperature. Figure 3.8 shows how the evaporation temperature affects the volumetric heating capacity of the CO2 heat pump when the high-side pressure is kept constant at 9 MPa and the other boundary conditions are as in Figure 3.4. At CO2 outlet temperatures below 30°C, the volumetric heating capacity increases on average by 2% per degree Kelvin rise in the evaporation temperature. The capacity variations are mainly due to the variations in the CO2 vapour density at the compressor inlet. When incorporating the volumetric efficiency of the compressor, the relative variations in the absolute heating capacity will be even more pronounced than the varia- tions in the volumetric heating capacity. 33 Volumetric Heating Cap. [kJ/cm3]PDF Image | Residential CO2 Heat Pump System for Combined
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CO2 Organic Rankine Cycle Experimenter Platform The supercritical CO2 phase change system is both a heat pump and organic rankine cycle which can be used for those purposes and as a supercritical extractor for advanced subcritical and supercritical extraction technology. Uses include producing nanoparticles, precious metal CO2 extraction, lithium battery recycling, and other applications... More Info
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