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3 – Theoretical Background and System Analysis The main variables are: ♦ the high-side pressure (pGC) ♦ the inlet CO2 temperature (TCO2) ♦ the CO2 mass flow rate (m& CO2) ♦ the water flow rate in the space heating circuit (m& SH) ♦ the water flow rate in the DHW circuit (m& DHW ) ♦ the heat transfer surface for space heating gas cooler (ASH) ♦ the heat transfer surface for the DHW preheating gas cooler (ADHW-P) ♦ the heat transfer surface for the DHW reheating gas cooler (ADHW-R) 3.2.4.4 Testing of a Prototype Heat Pump – Modelling In order to document the performance and study the operational charac- teristics of an integrated CO2 heat pump, a 6.5 kW prototype brine-to- water heat pump system was constructed and tested. The design of the test rig and the test programme are described in Section 4.1, Testing of a Residential Brine-to-Water CO2 Heat Pump Unit, whereas the results are presented and analysed in Section 5.1, Testing of a Residential Brine-to- Water CO2 Heat Pump Unit, and Section 7.1, Main Findings from the Experiments and the Simulations. A steady-state computer model for a tripartite counter-flow tube-in-tube CO2 gas cooler was also developed in order to analyse and supplement the measurements from the heat pump test rig. The thermodynamic basis and the mathematical background for the model as well as the simulation results are presented in Section 6.1, Modelling of CO2 Heat Pumps Using a Tripartite Gas Cooler. 3.2.5 ExergyAnalysis 3.2.5.1 Theoretical Framework The thermodynamic losses for an integrated CO2 heat pump system can be quantified by employing an exergy analysis (Haukås, 1992). The total exergy loss in W for each component or subsystem is calculated as: 45PDF Image | Residential CO2 Heat Pump System for Combined
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