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3 – Theoretical Background and System Analysis By integrating Eq. (3.19), the DHW temperature TS in the tank after a period τ is calculated as follows: TS =TR +θ0 ⋅e−κ⋅τ (3.20) where where TR is the room temperature and θ0 is the initial temperature diffe- rence between the DHW and the ambient air. Figure 3.24 shows the calculated mean temperature drop in a 200 litre glass-wool insulated DHW tank during 48 hours storage time. The initial DHW temperature ranges from 60 to 90oC and the room temperature is 20oC. In the calculations the convective heat transfer coefficient between the tank wall and the ambient air was estimated to be 10 W/(m2K). κ=⎡ U⋅A ⎤ (3.21) ⎢⎥ ⎢(MW ⋅cp−W +MT ⋅cp−T)⎥ ⎣⎦ 90 80 70 60 50 40 Variable initi al DHW temp erature TS 0 8 16 24 32 40 48 Time [h] Figure 3.24 The mean temperature drop in a 200 litre glass-wool insu- lated DHW tank at different initial DHW temperatures. At 70oC initial DHW temperature, the temperature drop is about 10 K during a period of 24 hours, which corresponds to an average temperature drop of about 0.4 K per hour. Hence, during normal operation of the DHW system with regular tapping and charging, reheating of the water in the tank is not required. However, reheating will be necessary if there is no tapping during longer periods, e.g. during weekends and holidays. 56 Hot Water Temperature [°C]PDF Image | Residential CO2 Heat Pump System for Combined
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