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4 – Test Rig Design and Experimental Methods 100 mm 40 mm Diffusor Thermo- couples Figure 4.29 4.2.2.3 The positions of the thermocouples for measuring the water temperatures at the centre and the rim of the DHW tank. Transient Temperature Gradients in a DHW Tank Filled with Hot and Cold Water With reference to Section 3.3.3.3, Conductive Heat Transfer Inside the DHW Tank, there will be considerable conductive heat transfer between the hot and cold water reservoirs during the tapping and charging periods. By measuring the transient temperature gradient (thermocline) between the reservoirs in the static mode (static thermocline) and the outlet water temperature from the tank during the charging mode (dynamic thermo- cline), the reduction in the COP for an integrated CO2 heat pump due to the conductive heat transfer inside the DHW tank can be estimated (ref. Eq. 3.26, Section 3.3.3.2). Experimental Set-Up In order to separate the hot and cold water reservoirs without hampering the conductive heat transfer, a thin circular stainless steel plate with a 50 mm centre hole was installed 400 mm above the bottom of the tank. The plate was supported by three plastic sticks, and the slit between the plate and the tank wall was sealed by means of aluminium tape. 20 thermocouples were attached to an OD 8 mm plastic tube, which was installed at the centre of the tank and fixed to the diffuser and the polycar- bonate cover. The installation of the thermocouples is shown in Figure 4.30. Thermo- couples 103PDF Image | Residential CO2 Heat Pump System for Combined
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