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4 – Test Rig Design and Experimental Methods 5 mm 270 mm Thermo- couples Cold water 270 mm 25 mm Hot water 30 mm Thermo- couples Steel plate Hot water side 600 mm 400 mm Figure 4.30 The experimental set-up when measuring the temperature gradient between the hot and cold water reservoirs. The sensors were spaced 30 mm apart. In order to minimize heat conduc- tion along the wires, 40 mm of each wire end was mounted horizontally. Experimental Procedure – Static Mode (Static Thermocline) The tank volume below the steel plate was filled with 5oC city water through the diffuser. When the cold water barely flooded the steel plate, all water bubbles were removed, and the centre hole in the plate was closed. The upper tank volume was then filled with 53oC hot water from the common hot water system in the building. During filling, the hot water was heavily mixed in order to achieve a uniform temperature in the reservoir. The temperature in the tank was measured during a period of 24 hours, and there was no water flow through the tank during testing. The average room temperature was about 22oC. Experimental Procedure – Charging Mode (Dynamic Thermocline) In order to measure the outlet temperature from the tank during draining (charging) of the tank, an additional thermocouple was installed inside the diffuser at the bottom of the tank. During testing, the tank was filled with hot and cold water as described in the previous section, and the 50 mm circular hole at the centre of the plate was opened. Water was then drained from the bottom of the tank, whereas hot water was supplied at the same flow rate at the top of the tank. The initial hot water temperature ranged 104PDF Image | Residential CO2 Heat Pump System for Combined
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