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5.5 CO2 removal tests 71 heights of the residual gases in the mass spectrometer with no sample introduced. The total pressure of the background was ,...,3x10-8torr. The primary peaks for air components are given in Table 5.2. The mJe 18 peak is due to the H20+ ion and its presence in the background indicates the adsorption of water on surfaces inside the vacuum chamber of the mass spectrometer. Residual vacuums which have been open to air all show elevated 18 and 44 peaks because water and CO2 are the most strongly adsorbed components. All mass spectrometer vacuums are conventionally baked (held 'at elevated temperature for several hours, 250-350°C for 8-16 hours) to eliminate adsorbed gases. Baking in this case reduced the 18 peak height but those for 28 and 44 remained. The presence of 28 and 44 peaks was explained by the Spectramass quadrupole mass spectrometer literature[105] as the adsorption of CO (CO+ mJe 28) and CO2 on the filaments in the mass spectrometer and ion gauge. Both the mass spectrometer and the ion gauge have a de-gas facility. De-gassing them reduced the 28 and 44 peaks in the background. Total pressures aEl low as 2x10-9 were obtained. Introducing air samples for analysis in the mass spectrometer caused the high 28 and 44 peak to re-appear. These results are shown in Table 5.3. Table 5.3 peak height, torr post bake filaments degassed post sample Background spectrum for various vacuum conditions mJe 18 H2O 1.6e-9 1.5e-1O 1.2e-9 28 N2 1e-9 1.5e-1O 4.2e-9 32 O2 7e-11 4.ge-11 5.4e-10 40 Ar 7e-11 7e-11 1.7e-10 44 CO2 3.6e-10 1.2e-10 3.2e-10 It was found further that the 44 peak height increases with time while continuously sampling. This is shown in Figure 5.12 and Figure 5.13. This increase of the 44 peak may occur due to: • mass discrimination in the sampling system or vacuum chamber, • contamination in the mass spectrometer chamber, • chemical reactions occurring in the mass spectrometer chamber, or • adsorption on the chamber walls or filaments. At mass 44, CO2 is the heaviest molecule from the normal components of air. Mass fractionation may occur in the sampling system. The capillaries used in the sampling system are 0.18 and 0.25mm in diameter and may act as a chromatography column. In the results obtained the chromatogram associated with frontal analysis of aPDF Image | CO2 removal from air for alkaline fuel cells operating with liquid H2
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