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70 Chapter 5 Results and discussion a relative sensitivity of 1. The mole fractions are then calculated as (5.7) where Pi is the actual partial pressure of the ith component, Pi is the measured peak height, and Sj is its relative sensitivity, in a mixture of j components. The ion current or measured peak height of any component is known at best to ±5%. Analysis of trace concentration by this method is therefore not possible to any accuracy. In this specific case for example, the gas to be analyzed is air. The measured peak height of N 2 will be 2000 times higher than that of CO2, An error of ±5% in the N2 peak could give an error in the calculated CO2 concentration 100 times it's concentration. Alternatively if the concentration of one component of the mixture is known and is similar to.the component of interest, the relative analysis can be used with better accuracy. In air the concentration of argon is known and constant. The saturation temperature for argon at 1 atm is 87.28K. This means that the concentration of argon itself is not changing as part of this process, ie. the Ar does not condense at any stage in the heat exchangers. The concentration of CO2 may then be calculated as P ==PC02 3.52P (5.8) CO2 4.31 PAr Ar where the relative sensitivities of CO2 and Ar are 4.31 and 3.52. The partial pressure or mole fraction of argon in air is 9340ppm. This method reduces the maximum error in the calculated CO2 concentration to ±10%. Table 5.2 Primary peaks of air components Substance P .= I Ar mle 18 28 32 40 44 Pi S. I Pj j Sj L 5.5.2.2 CO2 concentration measurement: establishing a sampling method In the process of setting up the mass spectrometer and sampling system several samples of room air were introduced to the mass spectrometer for trial analysis. It was found that the CO2 concentrations recorded were much higher than expected, of the order of 2000ppm. The background spectrum showed disproportionately high peaks at mle 18, 28 and 44. The background spectrum is the spectrum of ion currents or peakPDF Image | CO2 removal from air for alkaline fuel cells operating with liquid H2
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