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Processes 2021, 9, 528 Figure 7. Oxygen permeation fluxes of CPCu-PSFA membrane as a function of time. Con 11 of 14 150 mL min−1 air as the feed gas, 49 mL min−1 He and CO2 as the sweep gas, and 1 mL mi an internal standard gas. Membrane thickness: 0.6 mm. Figure 8. XRD patterns of the spent CPM-PSFA (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) membranes after oxygen Figure 8. XRD patterns of the spent CPM-PSFA (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) membranes after oxy permeability test, respectively. meability test, respectively. 4. Conclusions 4. Conclusions The successful synthesis of CPM-PSFA proves that the modified Pechini method is suitable and effective for the synthesis of oxygen permeation membranes. XRD and BSEM The successful synthesis of CPM-PSFA proves that the modified Pechini morphologies reveal that the obtained composite compounds consist of fluorite phase and suitable and effective for the synthesis of oxygen permeation membranes. XRD a perovskite phase, and Cu, Co, Fe, and Ni are successfully doped into fluorite phase (CPO), morphologies reveal that the obtained composite compounds consist of fluorite p which makes the fluorite phase change from a pure ionic conductor to mixed ionic elec- tproenriocvcsokndituecptohr.aIsteis, apnredciCseuly,bCeoca,uFse,CaPnMd-NPSiFaAremseumcbcreasnsefucolnlysidstospofetdwionmtoixfeludoiornite phas electronically conductive phases, and the surface of the membrane is densely distributed in which makes the fluorite phase change from a pure ionic conductor to mixed io two phases, and the ions and electrons have a continuous channel in both phases, meaning tronic conductor. It is precisely because CPM-PSFA membrane consists of two m the oxygen permeable membrane exhibits high oxygen permeability. Among them, the electronically conductive phases, and the surface of the membrane is densely di oxygen permeability through CPCu-PSFA and CPCo-PSFA composites has been further in two phases, and the ions and electrons have a continuous channel in both phase improved compared with that of the parent CP-PSFA. XRD and long-term oxygen per- minegabtihlitey otexsytsgsehnowpethrmat eCaPbMle-PmSFeAmcbomrapnoesitexshmibaintstahinigexhceollxeyngt epnhapseesrtmabeilaitbyilaintyd. Amo oxygen permeation stability. A series of oxygen permeable membranes CP-PSF, CP-PSFA, the oxygen permeability through CPCu-PSFA and CPCo-PSFA composites has and CPM-PSFA have been successfully synthesized and their oxygen permeability has ther improved compared with that of the parent CP-PSFA. XRD and long-term been gradually increased, which proves our success in improving oxygen permeability permeability tests show that CPM-PSFA composites maintain excellent phase of oxygen permeable membranes and ensuring high stability of oxygen permeable mem- barnadneos.xTyhgisenwoprekrcmaneaptrioovnidsetabreifleitryen.cAe fsoerrfiuersthoefr doexsyignenanpdesrymntehaesbilseofmoethmerbnreawnes CP- oxygen permeable membrane materials, and the oxygen permeable membranes studied in PSFA, and CPM-PSFA have been successfully synthesized and their oxygen per this work have great potential application prospects in the field of oxygen separation and has been gradually increased, which proves our success in improving oxygen pe oxy-fuel combustion. ity of oxygen permeable membranes and ensuring high stability of oxygen p Smupepmlebmreanntaerys.MTahteirsiawls:oTrkhecfaonllopwrinogvaidreeavaairleabfeleroenlcine faot rhtftupsr:t/h/ewrwdwe.msidgpni.caomnd/2s22y7nthesis -9717/9/3/528/s1, Table S1: the relative density of CPM-PSFA (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) composite new oxygen permeable membrane materials, and the oxygen permeable membra membranes after sintering at 1275 ◦C. Table S2: the average grain size of CPM-PSFA (M = Fe, Co, ied in this work have great potential application prospects in the field of oxyge Ni, Cu) composite membranes after sintering at 1275 ◦C for 5 h. Figures S1–S3: XRD patterns of tion and oxy-fuel combustion. ◦ CPM-PSFA (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) membranes after sintering at 1275 ◦ Author Contributions: H.L., X.W. and L.S. conceived and designed the experiments; X.W. and L.S. prepared the samples and the oxygen permeation test; Y.H. did the phase stability test under Ar atmosphere; L.Z. and M.B. did the XRD, SEM and BSEM analysis; D.L. assisted to prepare the samples; X.W., L.S. and H.L. analyzed all the data and wrote the paper. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. C, 1350 before oxygen permeability test, respectively. Figure S4: schematic diagram of oxygen permeability test device. Figure S5 (a) The temperature dependence of resistivity of the CPM-PSFA (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) in the 275K-350K. (b) temperature dependence of conductivity of CPM-PSFA (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) in the 275 K-350 K. C and 1400 C for 5 h ◦ d n m n h s n b P m e n nPDF Image | CO2-Tolerant Oxygen Permeation Membranes
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