PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 024
Chapter 2 Dimensionally stable N-PE composite membranes for DMFC applications 1. Introduction Direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) can convert the chemical energy of a fuel directly into electrical energy. DMFCs can be used mainly as power sources to portable electronic devices like laptops, computers, cell phones and, to some extent, vehicular applications [1-5]. In order to compete with Li-ion batteries for portable applications higher power densities must be achieved. For that reason DMFCs should be operated at high methanol concentra- tions [6]. The proton exchange membrane (PEM) is the heart of DMFC. Currently, perfluorosulfonated ionomer (PFSI) membranes, like DuPont’s Nafion® and Asahi Chemical’s Aciplex®, are used due to their excellent proton conduc- tivity, mechanical strength and thermal and chemical stability [7-11]. How- ever, these materials have also drawbacks like high methanol cross-over, especially at high methanol concentrations and, high cost (US$700/m2) due to the expensive fluorination step. To decrease the methanol cross over and cost, and at the same time increase the dimensional stability, PFSIs can be impregnated into a porous support. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) [12], Polyethylene-terephthalate (PETE) [13], Polycarbonate [14] and PE materials have been used as a support for the impregnation. Excessive swelling of the composite membrane can be suppressed by the porous support, while the methanol cross-over can also be minimized [6]. Yamaguchi et al. confirmed the advantages of impregnated membranes concerning low methanol cross- over and high dimensional stability[15-18]. In this work, Nafion® impregnated Solupor® (N-PE) composite membranes (kindly provided by DSM-Solutech, The Netherlands) are systematically characterized with respect to their swelling degree, proton conductivity, methanol permeability and DMFC performance at various methanol concen- trations. For comparison, the performance of Nafion®117 (N117) and DE2020 (membrane prepared using DE2020 Nafion® dispersion) mem- branes are investigated. Our research aims to get a better insight into ef- fects of impregnation of conductive polymer into a non-conductive porous substrate and evaluate the performance of the membranes with respect to the above mentioned characterization methods. 2. Experimental 2.1. Materials N-PE membranes (26μm) were kindly provided by DSM-Solutech (The Neth- erlands) [19, 20]. N117 membranes (185μm and 1100 equivalent weight 16PDF Image | Development of membrane materials for direct methanol fuel cells
PDF Search Title:
Development of membrane materials for direct methanol fuel cellsOriginal File Name Searched:
thesis_H_Yildirim.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |