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provide more energy; butanol contains 30% more energy per volume than ethanol(Qureshi, 2010). For these reasons, other biofuels might be have potential a more practical alternative. Butanol is a logical substitute because it stores more potential energy and has similar properties to ethanol (Qureshi, 2010). In addition, butanol’s lower flammability makes it safer and its chemical properties make it easier to mix in any proportion with gasoline (Qureshi, 2010). This creates the potential for new fuel mixtures to be developed. Unfortunately, a major drawback is the difficulty to economically produce butanol on a large enough scale for the fuel industry (Ezeji, Qureshi, & Blaschek, 2007). The production of butanol through using organisms and microorganisms is a developing field (Qureshi, 2010). Research has started on genetically modifying organisms to produce butanol (Thompson, Prather, & Timko, 2014). However, the organism, B.megaterium, begins to self- inhibit at high concentrations of butanol and poisons itself (Thompson et al., 2014). B.megaterium, an alcohol-producing organism that can survive under extreme pressure and supercritical conditions in an anaerobic environment, was recently recovered in a deep subsurface scCO2 well (Thompson et al., 2014). It is rare for an organism to survive under those conditions. Researchers at MIT are currently in the process of genetically modifying that organism to produce butanol via a mechanism with a butanal intermediate (Thompson et al., 2014). Under those extreme conditions there are fewer competing chemical reactions and supercritical extraction can be utilized for collecting butanol (Thompson et al., 2014). This creates the potential to overcome some of the difficulties that come with creating and collecting butanol from biomass (Ezeji et al., 2007). Our project focused on testing the bio-reactor, in a semi-batch mode using model aqueous-alcohol solutions. We extracted butanol from an aqueous solution using supercritical carbon dioxide. An experimental model for the system was generated from Tai and Wu’s (2005) mass transfer model. The experimental data collected was used in the experimental model to calculate the mass transfer coefficient (Kla), which was then substituted back into the model to predict extraction result data. The effects of changing the initial concentration of butanol, system pressure, and mass flow rate of supercritical carbon dioxide on the mass transfer coefficient were determined through analyzing data using the experimental model. The experimental Kla was validated through using a 10PDF Image | Extraction of Bio-Butanol using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
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