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performance or reduction in cell life. A list of possible effects of contaminants from coal-derived fuel gases on MCFCs is summarized in Table 6-6 (70). Table 6-6 Contaminants from Coal-Derived Fuel Gas and Their Potential Effect on MCFCs (70, Table 1, Pg. 299) Class Particulates Sulfur compounds Halides Nitrogen compounds Trace metals Hydrocarbons Contaminant Coal fines, ash H2S, COS, CS2, C4H4S HCl, HF, HBr, SnCl2 NH3, HCN, N2 As, Pb, Hg, Cd, Sn Zn, H2Se, H2Te, AsH3 C6H6, C10H8, C14H10 Potential Effect • Plugging of gas passages • V oltage losses • Reaction with electrolyte via SO2 • Corrosion • Reaction with electrolyte • Reaction with electrolyte via NOX • Deposits on electrode • Reaction with electrolyte • Carbon deposition The typical fuel gas composition and contaminants from an air-blown gasifier that enter the MCFC at 650 °C after hot gas cleanup, and the tolerance level of MCFCs to these contaminants are listed in Table 6-7 (79, 71, 72). It is apparent from this example that a wide spectrum of contaminants is present in coal-derived fuel gas. The removal of these contaminants can add considerably to the efficiency. A review of various options for gas cleanup is presented by Anderson and Garrigan (70) and Jalan, et al. (73). Sulfur: It is well established that sulfur compounds in low parts per million concentrations in fuel gas are detrimental to MCFCs (74, 75, 76, 77, 78). The tolerance of MCFCs to sulfur compounds (74) is strongly dependent on temperature, pressure, gas composition, cell components, and system operation (i.e., recycle, venting, gas cleanup). The principal sulfur compound that has an adverse effect on cell performance is H2S. At atmospheric pressure and high gas utilization (~75 percent), <10 ppm H2S in the fuel can be tolerated at the anode (tolerance level depends on anode gas composition and partial pressure of H2), and <1 ppm SO2 is acceptable in the oxidant (74). These concentration limits increase when the temperature increases, but they decrease at increasing pressures. 6-26PDF Image | Fuel Cell Handbook (Seventh Edition)
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