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(a) Conduction Around the Tube Current flow (b) Conduction Along the Tube Interconnect Anode Electrolyte Cathode Current Collector Current flow Current flow Interconnect Cathode Electrolyte Anode Air-feed tube Cathode Electrolyte Interconnect Anode Support Tube (c) Segmented-in-Series Figure 7-9 Three Types of Tubular SOFC: (a) Conduction around the Tube (e.g. Siemens Westinghouse and Toto (31)); (b) Conduction along the Tube (e.g. Acumentrics (32)); (c) Segmented in Series (e.g. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Rolls Royce (33, 34)). Inevitable in tubular designs is conduction of the current in the plane of the electrolyte over significant distances: • In the Siemens Westinghouse technology, this current is conducted tangentially around the tube. Toto, in Japan, follows an almost identical approach. Each tube contains one cell. Tubes are connected either in series or in parallel. In a refinement on this approach to shorten the current path and increase volumetric power density, the tube can be flattened and ribs added • In micro-tubular SOFC technology (e.g. Acumentrics), current is conducted axially along the tube. Interconnections are made at the end of the tube using various proprietary interconnection systems that connect cells within the stack. To minimize the in-plane resistance on the cathode side, a metallic current collector (typically silver) is applied. Acumentrics has shown the technology to be capable of repeated thermal cycling. Typical tube dimensions and performance are shown in Figure 7-10. The cells have been integrated into 2 kW stacks. 7-14 Current flowPDF Image | Fuel Cell Handbook (Seventh Edition)
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