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Table 8-13 Stream Properties for the Natural Gas Fueled Pressurized SOFC Strm Description Temp No. C atm kg/hr Mole Flow Ar kgmol/hr MW % 30.9 16.44 30.9 16.44 30.9 16.44 17.1 16.44 13.8 16.44 13.8 16.44 642.3 28.86 0.9 642.3 28.86 0.9 635.9 28.86 0.9 635.9 28.86 0.9 629.5 28.86 0.9 646.5 28.53 0.9 653.1 28.53 0.9 667.0 28.28 0.9 667.0 28.28 0.9 673.4 28.28 0.9 CH4 % 97.4 97.4 97.4 97.4 97.4 97.4 CO2 H20 N2 O2 % % % % 0.4 0.9 0.4 0.9 0.4 0.9 0.4 0.9 0.4 0.9 0.4 0.9 trace 1.0 77.2 20.8 trace 1.0 77.2 20.8 trace 1.0 77.2 20.8 trace 1.0 77.2 20.8 trace 1.0 77.2 20.8 2.7 6.2 75.2 15.0 2.7 6.2 75.2 15.0 4.7 10.2 73.7 10.6 4.7 10.2 73.7 10.6 4.6 10.1 73.7 10.7 Total % 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Press. Mass Flow 1 Fuel feed 15 8.85 508 2 PressurizedFuel 21 3 Heated HP Fuel 399 4 Cleaned HP Fuel 399 5 Heated LP Fuel 399 6 Cleaned LP Fuel 399 7 AirFeed 15 8 CompressedAir 135 9 IntercooledAir 27 9.53 508 9.42 508 9.32 281 9.42 227 3.13 227 0.99 18,536 2.97 18,536 2.69 18,351 10 HP Air 11 HeatedAir 12 HPFCExhaust 13 HPTExhaust 14 LPFCExhaust 15 LPTExhaust 16 CycleExhaust Reference Source: (30). 160 8.80 555 8.66 860 8.39 642 3.11 874 2.83 649 1.01 258 1.00 18,351 18,167 18,448 18,631 18,859 18,859 19,044 The natural gas feed to the cycle (stream 1) is assumed to consist of 95 percent CH4, 2.5 percent C2H6, 1 percent CO2, and 1.5 percent N2 by volume along with trace levels of sulfur odorants. The odorants must be reduced to 1 ppmv before entrance into the fuel cell to prevent performance and cell life deterioration. Because the desulfurization requires elevated temperatures, the fuel (streams 3 and 5) is fed through a heat exchanger that recovers heat from the fuel cell exhaust stream (stream 15). The hot desulfurized fuel stream (stream 4) enters the anodes of the high-pressure fuel cell at approximately 399 oC (750 oF) and 9.3 atmospheres. The fuel entering the low-pressure fuel cell (stream 6) is approximately 399 oC (750 oF) and 3.1 atmospheres. Ambient air (stream 7) is compressed to 3.0 atmospheres and 135oC (275 oF) (stream 8), subsequently intercooled to 27 oC (81 oF) (stream 9), compressed again to 8.8 atmospheres and 160 oC (320 oF) (stream 10), and heated to 555 oC (1031 oF) prior to entering the high-pressure fuel cell cathode (stream 11). The hot desulfurized fuel and the compressed ambient air are electrochemically combined within the high-pressure fuel cell module with fuel and oxidant utilizations of 78 percent and 20.3 percent, respectively. The SOFC high-pressure module was assumed to operate at 0.63 volts per cell. The spent fuel and air effluents of the Siemens Westinghouse tubular geometry SOFC are combusted within the module to supply heat required for the endothermic reforming reaction within the pre-reformer. The majority of the reforming takes place within the tubular fuel cell itself. The heat for internal reforming is supplied by the exothermic fuel cell reaction. A gas recirculation loop provides water for the internal reforming and to prevent soot formation. The combusted air and fuel stream (stream 12) from the high-pressure fuel cell are expanded (stream 13) in a turbine expander. The work of this turbine is used to drive the low- and high-pressure air compressors. The reduced pressure exhaust stream (stream 13) is utilized as the low-pressure fuel cell oxidant stream. Although vitiated, it still has 15 percent oxygen. The low-pressure TSOFC operates at 0.62 volts per cell, and fuel and air utilizations of 78 and 21.9 percent, respectively. The spent air and fuel effluents are combusted and sent (stream 14) to the low-pressure power turbine. The turbine generator produces approximately 1.4 MW AC. The low-pressure exhaust (stream 15) still has a temperature of 649 oC (1200 oF) and is utilized to 8-59PDF Image | Fuel Cell Handbook (Seventh Edition)
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